Xray Imaging Using A 320Spl Times240 Hybrid Gaas Pixel Detector

• doi: 10.1109/NSSMIC.1998.773860
• title: X-ray imaging using a 320/spl times/240 hybrid GaAs pixel detector
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn: 0-7803-5021-9
• issn: 1082-3654
• partnum: 98CH36255
• rank: 4024
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Conferences
• abstract: Presents room temperature measurements on 200 /spl mu/m thick GaAs pixel detectors, which were hybridized to silicon readout circuits. The whole detector array contains 320/spl times/240 square shaped pixels with a pitch of 38 /spl mu/m and is based on semi-insulating LEC GaAs material. After fabricating and dicing, the detector chips were indium bump flip chip bonded to CMOS readout circuits based on charge integration and finally evaluated. This ROIC was originally designed for the readout of flip chip bonded infrared detectors, but appears to be suitable for X-ray applications as well. A bias voltage between 50 V and 100 V was sufficient to operate the detector at room temperature. The detector array did respond to X-ray radiation by an increase in current due to production of electron hole pairs by the ionization processes. Images of various objects and slit patterns were acquired by using a standard X-ray source for dental imaging. The new X-ray hybrid detector was analyzed with respect to its imaging properties. Due to the high absorption coefficient for X-rays in GaAs and the small pixel size, the sensor shows a high modulation transfer function up to the Nyquist frequency.
• article_number: 773860
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=773860
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/773860/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/773860/
• publication_title: 1998 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record. 1998 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (Cat. No.98CH36255)
• conference_location: Toronto, ON, Canada
• conference_dates: 8-14 Nov. 1998
• publication_number: 6268
• is_number: 16736
• publication_year: 1998
• publication_date: 8-14 Nov. 1998
• start_page: 1660
• end_page: 1665 vol.3
• citing_paper_count: 3
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 66
• insert_date: 20020806
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • X-ray imaging
    • Gallium arsenide
    • Pixel
    • X-ray detection
    • X-ray detectors
    • Circuits
    • Sensor arrays
    • Flip chip
    • Bonding
    • Optical imaging
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Pixel Detector
    • Pixel Size
    • Bias Voltage
    • Electron Hole Pairs
    • Modulation Transfer Function
    • Optical Transfer Function
    • Nyquist Frequency
    • Infrared Detector
    • Flip-chip
    • Microbumps
    • Readout Circuit
    • Chip Detection
    • Small Pixel Size
    • Dental Imaging
    • Spatial Resolution
    • Visible Light
    • Visible Region
    • Visible Spectrum
    • Digital Images
    • Dynamic Range
    • Integration Time
    • Sample Holder
    • Variation In Sensitivity
    • Scintillator
    • Image Correction
    • Image Rectification
    • Dark Current
    • End Of Column
    • Pixel Array
    • Charge Collection Efficiency
    • Clock Frequency
    • Potential Well
    • X-ray Detector
    • High Energy Physics
    • Line Frequency
• isbn_formats:
  • format: Print ISBN, value: 0-7803-5021-9, isbnType: Historical
• authors:
  • Author Name: R. Irsigler
    Affiliation: Industrial Microelectronics Center, Kista, Sweden
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37064662600
    ID: 37064662600
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Industrial Microelectronics Center, Kista, Sweden
  • Author Name: J. Andersson
    Affiliation: Industrial Microelectronics Center, Kista, Sweden
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37265772200
    ID: 37265772200
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Industrial Microelectronics Center, Kista, Sweden
  • Author Name: J. Alverbro
    Affiliation: Industrial Microelectronics Center, Kista, Sweden
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37869838500
    ID: 37869838500
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Industrial Microelectronics Center, Kista, Sweden
  • Author Name: J. Borglind
    Affiliation: Industrial Microelectronics Center, Kista, Sweden
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37372130500
    ID: 37372130500
    Order: 4
    Author Affiliations:
    • Industrial Microelectronics Center, Kista, Sweden
  • Author Name: C. Frojdh
    Affiliation: REGAM Medical Systems International AB, Sundsvall, Sweden
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37277565100
    ID: 37277565100
    Order: 5
    Author Affiliations:
    • REGAM Medical Systems International AB, Sundsvall, Sweden
  • Author Name: P. Helander
    Affiliation: Industrial Microelectronics Center, Kista, Sweden
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37872256000
    ID: 37872256000
    Order: 6
    Author Affiliations:
    • Industrial Microelectronics Center, Kista, Sweden
  • Author Name: S. Manolopoulos
    Affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, UK
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37644951000
    ID: 37644951000
    Order: 7
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, UK
  • Author Name: H. Martijn
    Affiliation: Industrial Microelectronics Center, Kista, Sweden
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37443298600
    ID: 37443298600
    Order: 8
    Author Affiliations:
    • Industrial Microelectronics Center, Kista, Sweden
  • Author Name: V. O'Shea
    Affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, UK
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37268052000
    ID: 37268052000
    Order: 9
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, UK
  • Author Name: K. Smith
    Affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, UK
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37276287400
    ID: 37276287400
    Order: 10
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, UK

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: Hybrid GaAs Pixel Detector
• resolution: 320 x 240 pixels
• dynamic_range: 3200 fC
• pixel_size: 38 µm
• dark_current: 8 nA/mm² at 100 V

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not specified
• aperture: Not specified
• field_of_view: Not specified
• distortion: Not specified

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: Up to 100 Hz
• signal_to_noise_ratio: 4.2 pre-correction, 12.6 post-correction
• shutter_speed: Adjustable between 333 µs and 39.6 ms
• noise: Varied, includes low-frequency oscillations in dark current

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Suitable for high-resolution imaging including dental applications, achieving improved image quality and contrast post-correction.
• benefits: High sensitivity due to increased X-ray absorption and effective pixel segmentation.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: European Community under contract no. BRPR-06-0169, Brite EuRam Program

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: 8-14 Nov. 1998

Relevancy Score

• score: 8
• missing_fields:
  • focal_length
  • aperture
  • field_of_view
  • distortion
  • sensitivity
  • power_consumption

Processed JSON Filename

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