Silicon Detector For A Compton Camera In Nuclear Medical Imaging

• doi: 10.1109/TNS.2002.1039568
• title: Silicon detector for a Compton camera in nuclear medical imaging
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn:
• issn: 1558-1578
• rank: 3548
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Journals
• abstract: Electronically collimated gamma cameras based on Compton scattering in silicon pad sensors may improve imaging in nuclear medicine and biomedical research. The work described concentrates on the silicon pad detector for a prototype Compton camera. The silicon pad sensors are read out using low noise very large scale integration (VLSI) CMOS chips and novel fast triggering chips. Depending on the application, a lightweight and dense packaging of sensors and its readout electronics on a hybrid is required. We describe the silicon pad sensor and their readout on the newly designed hybrid. We also present a modular and low-cost data acquisition system (CCDAQ) based on a digital signal processor which is interfaced to the EPP port of widely available personal computers. Using the CCDAQ and the hybrids energy spectra of gamma-ray photons from technetium (/sub 43//sup 99m/Tc) and americium (/sub 95//sup 241/Am) were acquired with an energy resolution of 2.45 keV full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) for the 140.5-keV photo-absorption line of /sub 43//sup 99m/Tc. For all pads, the discrimination threshold in the trigger chip was between 15 and 25 keV.
• article_number: 1039568
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1039568
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1039568/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1039568/
• publication_title: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
• conference_location:
• conference_dates:
• publication_number: 23
• is_number: 22284
• publication_year: 2002
• publication_date: June 2002
• start_page: 812
• end_page: 816
• citing_paper_count: 32
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 527
• insert_date: 20021210
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Silicon
    • Detectors
    • Cameras
    • Biomedical imaging
    • Biosensors
    • Very large scale integration
    • Collimators
    • Light scattering
    • Particle scattering
    • Image sensors
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Nuclear Imaging
    • Radionuclide Imaging
    • Nuclear Medicine Imaging
    • Nuclear Medical Imaging
    • Compton Camera
    • Prototype
    • Triggering
    • Collimator
    • Personal Computer
    • Low Noise
    • Data Acquisition System
    • Energy Spectrum
    • Energy Resolution
    • Digital Signal Processing
    • Discrimination Thresholds
    • Compton Scattering
    • Compton Effect
    • Large-scale Integration
    • Readout Electronics
    • Noise Sources
    • Analog-to-digital Converter
    • Analog-to-digital
    • Digital-to-analog Converter
    • Metastable State
    • Electrical Noise
    • Electronic Noise
    • Padding Size
    • Thick Silicon
    • Total Capacitance
    • Angular Resolution
    • Low-noise Amplifier
    • Amount Of Interaction
    • Quantity Of Interactions
• authors:
  • Author Name: D. Meier
    Affiliation: Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37285245000
    ID: 37285245000
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
  • Author Name: A. Czermak
    Affiliation: Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow, Poland
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37268733000
    ID: 37268733000
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow, Poland
  • Author Name: P. Jalocha
    Affiliation: Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow, Poland
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37326948500
    ID: 37326948500
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow, Poland
  • Author Name: B. Sowicki
    Affiliation: Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow, Poland
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37268690800
    ID: 37268690800
    Order: 4
    Author Affiliations:
    • Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow, Poland
  • Author Name: M. Kowal
    Affiliation: Faculty of Physics and Nuclear Techniques, University of Mining and Metallurgy, Krakow, Poland
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37326950300
    ID: 37326950300
    Order: 5
    Author Affiliations:
    • Faculty of Physics and Nuclear Techniques, University of Mining and Metallurgy, Krakow, Poland
  • Author Name: W. Dulinski
    Affiliation: IN2P3/CNRS-ULP, LEPSI, Strasbourg, France
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37277323400
    ID: 37277323400
    Order: 6
    Author Affiliations:
    • IN2P3/CNRS-ULP, LEPSI, Strasbourg, France
  • Author Name: G. Maehlum
    Affiliation: Ideas ASA, Oslo, Norway
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37277903200
    ID: 37277903200
    Order: 7
    Author Affiliations:
    • Ideas ASA, Oslo, Norway
  • Author Name: E. Nygard
    Affiliation: Ideas ASA, Oslo, Norway
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37295276500
    ID: 37295276500
    Order: 8
    Author Affiliations:
    • Ideas ASA, Oslo, Norway
  • Author Name: K. Yoshioka
    Affiliation: Ideas ASA, Oslo, Norway
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37325937000
    ID: 37325937000
    Order: 9
    Author Affiliations:
    • Ideas ASA, Oslo, Norway
  • Author Name: J. Fuster
    Affiliation: Institut de Fisica Corpuscular, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37337487400
    ID: 37337487400
    Order: 10
    Author Affiliations:
    • Institut de Fisica Corpuscular, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
  • Author Name: C. Lacasta
    Affiliation: Institut de Fisica Corpuscular, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37295716500
    ID: 37295716500
    Order: 11
    Author Affiliations:
    • Institut de Fisica Corpuscular, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
  • Author Name: M. Mikuz
    Affiliation: University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/38307457300
    ID: 38307457300
    Order: 12
    Author Affiliations:
    • University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
  • Author Name: S. Roe
    Affiliation: CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37316309000
    ID: 37316309000
    Order: 13
    Author Affiliations:
    • CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • Author Name: P. Weilhammer
    Affiliation: CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37295282200
    ID: 37295282200
    Order: 14
    Author Affiliations:
    • CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • Author Name: C.-H. Hua
    Affiliation: College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37328074500
    ID: 37328074500
    Order: 15
    Author Affiliations:
    • College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
  • Author Name: S.-J. Park
    Affiliation: College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/38184511100
    ID: 38184511100
    Order: 16
    Author Affiliations:
    • College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
  • Author Name: S.J. Wildermann
    Affiliation: College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37669339300
    ID: 37669339300
    Order: 17
    Author Affiliations:
    • College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
  • Author Name: L. Zhang
    Affiliation: College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37280175900
    ID: 37280175900
    Order: 18
    Author Affiliations:
    • College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
  • Author Name: N.H. Clinthorne
    Affiliation: Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37268305000
    ID: 37268305000
    Order: 19
    Author Affiliations:
    • Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
  • Author Name: W.L. Rogers
    Affiliation: Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37279223100
    ID: 37279223100
    Order: 20
    Author Affiliations:
    • Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 256 channels
• dynamic_range: Not specified
• pixel_size: 1.39 mm x 1.39 mm
• dark_current: 225 nA/256 pads at room temperature, 10 nA at lower temperatures (5°C)

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not specified
• aperture: Not specified
• field_of_view: Not specified
• distortion: Not specified

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 5 kHz
• signal_to_noise_ratio: 260 (average noise), 160 (below 5°C), 141 (from leakage current)
• power_consumption: 4.8 W (increased to 6.5 W when connected to one hybrid)
• noise: 260 e- (at room temperature), 160 e- (below 5°C)

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Used in Compton cameras for nuclear medical imaging, improving imaging of radio-isotope labeled organs.
• benefits: Potential to improve imaging quality and provide electronic collimation in gamma cameras.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: University of Michigan, Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, University of Mining and Metallurgy, LEPSI IN2P3, SINTEF, Ideas ASA, CERN

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: June 2002

Relevancy Score

• score: 5
• missing_fields:
  • focal_length
  • aperture
  • field_of_view
  • distortion
  • quantum_efficiency
  • fill_factor
  • readout_speed
  • noise_sources
  • analog_to_digital_conversion_techniques
  • microlenses
  • on_chip_colour_filters
  • global_or_rolling_shutters
  • backside_illumination

Processed JSON Filename

request_2a680bbe-4f39-4b1a-a1c1-9f9c006f2eb6-silicon_detector_for_a_compton_camera_in_nuclear_medical_imaging.json