Randomly Accessible Active Pixel Sensor With Logarithmicexponential Response Enabling Low Dose And Wide Dynamic Range Indirectconversion Xray Imaging

• doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2024.3496761
• title: Randomly Accessible Active Pixel Sensor With Logarithmic-Exponential Response Enabling Low Dose and Wide Dynamic Range Indirect-Conversion X-Ray Imaging
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn:
• issn: 2379-9153
• rank: 3380
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Journals
• abstract: Active pixel sensor (APS) outperforms passive pixel sensor (PPS) in sensitivity and frame rate, and although dominates in CMOS technology, has not yet been adopted in thin-film transistor (TFT)-based flat-panel X-ray detectors (FPDs) for medical imaging due to low fill factor, leading to reduced sensitivity. In this work, a novel APS with a logarithmic-exponential response based on two dual-gate TFTs is proposed and intended for high-performance large-area indirect-conversion X-ray imaging. Leveraging the in-pixel TFT amplifier, the pixelated sensor demonstrates a low off current of $\sim 10^{-{12}}$ A, a high gain of over 4% $\times 10^{{5}}$ %, a high responsivity of $10^{{5}}$ A/W, and a wide dynamic range (DR) of over 120 dB at 550 nm with a detection limit of 200 pW/cm2. Such an architecture leads to a randomly accessible 75- $\mu $ m $256\times 256$ APS array with integrating a high-resolution medical-grade gadolinium oxysulfide (GOS) scintillator for low-dose indirect-conversion X-ray imaging, requiring high resolution, wide DR, and high frame rate for low-dose mammographic imaging.
• article_number: 10756559
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10756559
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10756559/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10756559/
• publication_title: IEEE Sensors Journal
• conference_location:
• conference_dates:
• publication_number: 7361
• is_number: 10823640
• publication_year: 2025
• publication_date: 1 Jan.1, 2025
• start_page: 426
• end_page: 433
• citing_paper_count: 0
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 211
• insert_date: 20241118
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Thin film transistors
    • Sensors
    • Logic gates
    • Noise
    • Transistors
    • Sensitivity
    • X-ray imaging
    • Photonics
    • Electrodes
    • Threshold voltage
  • author_terms:
    • Active pixel sensor (APS)
    • logarithmic-exponential response
    • low dose X-ray imaging
    • randomly accessible
    • thin-film transistor
    • wide dynamic range
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Active Sensors
    • Low-dose Images
    • Sensor Pixel
    • Dynamic X-ray
    • Active Pixel Sensor
    • Dynamic X-ray Imaging
    • High-resolution
    • Frame Rate
    • High Gain
    • X-ray Detector
    • High Frame Rate
    • Electrode
    • Light Intensity
    • Analog-to-digital Converter
    • Analog-to-digital
    • Digital-to-analog Converter
    • Output Current
    • Dielectric Layer
    • Insulation Layer
    • Passivation Layer
    • Surface Passivation
    • Random Access
    • Plasma-enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition
    • PECVD
    • PIN Photodiode
    • Top Gate
    • Pixel Array
    • Bottom Gate
    • Pixel Pitch
    • Least Significant Bit
    • Low Bit
    • Amorphous Silicon
    • Silicon Thin Film
    • Readout System
• authors:
  • Author Name: Xianming Li
    Affiliation: Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37088717483
    ID: 37088717483
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
  • Author Name: Weisheng Wu
    Affiliation: Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37089951720
    ID: 37089951720
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
  • Author Name: Weikang Yan
    Affiliation: Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/374467479456923
    ID: 374467479456923
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
  • Author Name: Haorong Xie
    Affiliation: Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/236543830750446
    ID: 236543830750446
    Order: 4
    Author Affiliations:
    • Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
  • Author Name: Xinghui Liu
    Affiliation: Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37085797471
    ID: 37085797471
    Order: 5
    Author Affiliations:
    • Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
  • Author Name: Kai Wang
    Affiliation: Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37085375952
    ID: 37085375952
    Order: 6
    Author Affiliations:
    • Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology and the State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: Active Pixel Sensor (APS) based on dual-gate TFTs
• resolution: 256 x 256 pixels
• dynamic_range: over 120 dB
• pixel_size: 75 µm
• dark_current: approximately 10^-12 A (estimate based on typical noise performance of the technology used)

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not specified
• aperture: Not specified
• field_of_view: Not specified
• distortion: Not specified

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: High frame rate compatible with medical imaging
• sensitivity: over 10^5 A/W
• noise: Low OFF current of approximately 10^-12 A

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Designed for low-dose indirect-conversion X-ray imaging in medical applications such as mammography.
• benefits: High performance in low light conditions, enhanced image quality, random access, and high dynamic range.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: National Key Research and Development Program of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Toray Industries Inc.

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: 1 Jan.1, 2025

Relevancy Score

• score: 9
• missing_fields:
  • focal_length
  • aperture
  • field_of_view
  • distortion
  • signal_to_noise_ratio

Processed JSON Filename

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