Large Format Xray Imager With Megaframe Readout Capability For Xfel Based On The Depfet Active Pixel Sensor

• doi: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2008.4774711
• title: Large format X-ray imager with mega-frame readout capability for XFEL, based on the DEPFET active pixel sensor
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn: 978-1-4244-2715-4
• issn: 1082-3654
• partnum: 08CH38052
• rank: 2859
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Conferences
• abstract: We propose a new detector system capable to fulfil the requirements of the future XFEL in Hamburg. The instrument will be able to record X-ray images with a maximum frame rate of 5MHz and to achieve a high dynamic range. The system is based on a pixel-silicon sensor with a new designed non-linear-DEPFET as a central amplifier structure. The detector chip is bump-bonded to a set of mixed signal readout ASICs that provide full parallel readout. The signals coming from the detector, after having been processed by an analog filter, are immediately digitized by a series of 8-ENOB ADCs and locally stored in a custom designed memory also integrated in the ASICs designed in the 130nm CMOS technology. During the time gap of 99ms of the XFEL machine, the digital data are sent off the focal plane to a DAQ electronics that acts as an interface to the back-end of the whole instrument. The pixel sensor has been designed so as to combine high energy resolution at low signal charge with high dynamic range. This has been motivated by the desire to be able to be sensitive to single low energy photons and, at the same time, to measure at other positions of the detector signals corresponding to up to 104 photons of 1keV. In order to fit this dynamic range into a reasonable output signal swing, achieving at the same time single photon resolution, a strongly non linear characteristics is required. The new proposed DEPFET provides the required dynamic range compression at the sensor level, considerably facilitating the task of the electronics. At the same time the DEPFET charge handling capacitance is enormously increased with respect to standard DEPFETs. The Pixel matrix will have a format of 1024×1024 with a pixel size of 200×200 µm2.
• article_number: 4774711
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4774711
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4774711/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4774711/
• publication_title: 2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record
• conference_location: Dresden, Germany
• conference_dates: 19-25 Oct. 2008
• publication_number: 4747668
• is_number: 4774073
• publication_year: 2008
• publication_date: 19-25 Oct. 2008
• start_page: 1578
• end_page: 1586
• citing_paper_count: 11
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 140
• insert_date: 20090206
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • X-ray imaging
    • Pixel
    • Image sensors
    • Dynamic range
    • Detectors
    • Signal design
    • Optoelectronic and photonic sensors
    • Instruments
    • CMOS technology
    • Energy resolution
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • X-ray Free-electron Laser
    • Sensor Pixel
    • Active Pixel Sensor
    • Dynamic Range
    • Focal Plane
    • Back Focal Plane
    • Single Photon
    • Linear Features
    • Linear Characteristics
    • Single Resolution
    • High Dynamic Range
    • Dynamic Compression
    • Dynamic Range Compression
    • Analog Filter
    • White Noise
    • Input Signal
    • Current Source
    • Current Regulations
    • First Approximation
    • First-order Approximation
    • Noise Sources
    • Weight Function
    • Voltage Source
    • Small Signal
    • Electrical Noise
    • Electronic Noise
    • Quantization Noise
    • Low Dynamic Range
    • Trapezoidal Function
    • Circuit Simulation
    • Readout Scheme
    • Readout Strategy
    • Settling Time
    • Colonial Times
    • Voltage Swing
    • Inductive Load
    • Load Capacitance
    • Source Node
• isbn_formats:
  • format: CD, value: 978-1-4244-2715-4, isbnType: New-2005
  • format: Print ISBN, value: 978-1-4244-2714-7, isbnType: New-2005
• authors:
  • Author Name: Matteo Porro
    Affiliation: Max Planck Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Garching, Germany
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37272098200
    ID: 37272098200
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Max Planck Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Garching, Germany
    • MPI Halbleiterlabor, Munchen, Germany
  • Author Name: Ladislav Andricek
    Affiliation: MPI Halbleiterlabor, Munchen, Germany
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37269257500
    ID: 37269257500
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • MPI Halbleiterlabor, Munchen, Germany
    • Max-Planck Institut fur Physik, Munich, Germany
  • Author Name: Andrea Castoldi
    Affiliation: Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37268369700
    ID: 37268369700
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
  • Author Name: Carlo Fiorini
    Affiliation: Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37278095900
    ID: 37278095900
    Order: 4
    Author Affiliations:
    • Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
  • Author Name: Peter Fischer
    Affiliation: Zentrales Institut für Technische Informatik, Universitaet Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37277783600
    ID: 37277783600
    Order: 5
    Author Affiliations:
    • Zentrales Institut für Technische Informatik, Universitaet Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
  • Author Name: Heinz Graafsma
    Affiliation: Deutsches Electronen Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37322637300
    ID: 37322637300
    Order: 6
    Author Affiliations:
    • Deutsches Electronen Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • Author Name: Karsten Hansen
    Affiliation: Deutsches Electronen Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37274762700
    ID: 37274762700
    Order: 7
    Author Affiliations:
    • Deutsches Electronen Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • Author Name: Andreas Kugel
    Affiliation: Zentrales Institut für Technische Informatik, Universitaet Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37272555700
    ID: 37272555700
    Order: 8
    Author Affiliations:
    • Zentrales Institut für Technische Informatik, Universitaet Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
  • Author Name: Gerhard Lutz
    Affiliation: MPI Halbleiterlabor, Munchen, Germany
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37269258500
    ID: 37269258500
    Order: 9
    Author Affiliations:
    • MPI Halbleiterlabor, Munchen, Germany
    • PN Sensor GmbH, Munich, Germany
  • Author Name: Ullrich Pietsch
    Affiliation: Fachbereich Physik, Universitaet Siegen, Siegen, Germany
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37313397100
    ID: 37313397100
    Order: 10
    Author Affiliations:
    • Fachbereich Physik, Universitaet Siegen, Siegen, Germany
  • Author Name: Valerio Re
    Affiliation: Dipartimento di ingegneria industriale, Universita di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37272057200
    ID: 37272057200
    Order: 11
    Author Affiliations:
    • Dipartimento di ingegneria industriale, Universita di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
  • Author Name: Lothar Struder
    Affiliation: Max Planck Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Garching, Germany
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37272194300
    ID: 37272194300
    Order: 12
    Author Affiliations:
    • Max Planck Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Garching, Germany
    • MPI Halbleiterlabor, Munchen, Germany

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: DEPFET Active Pixel Sensor
• resolution: 1024x1024
• dynamic_range: >6000 photons @ 1 keV
• pixel_size: 200x200 µm
• dark_current: <50 electrons r.m.s.

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not specified
• aperture: Not specified
• field_of_view: Not specified
• distortion: Not specified

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 5MHz
• signal_to_noise_ratio: >5:1 for 1 keV photons
• sensitivity: Single photon resolution at low energy
• noise: Electronics noise of ~50 electrons r.m.s.

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Not specified
• benefits: High speed and high dynamic range, sensitive to single low energy photons.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: Johannes-Heidenhain-Stiftung

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: 19-25 Oct. 2008

Relevancy Score

• score: 9
• missing_fields:
  • focal_length
  • aperture
  • field_of_view
  • distortion
  • cell_imaging
  • sensitivity
  • shutter_speed

Processed JSON Filename

request_0906b4d6-5206-44ce-bddf-4e1c9c027ed0-large_format_xray_imager_with_megaframe_readout_capability_for_xfel_based_on_the_depfet_active_pixel_sensor.json