Large Area Xray Cmos Digital Pixel Sensor Based On Pulse Width Modulation For High Frame Rate Applications

• doi: 10.1109/NSSMIC.2013.6829608
• title: Large area X-ray CMOS digital pixel sensor based on pulse width modulation for high frame rate applications
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn: 978-1-4799-3423-2
• issn: 1082-3654
• rank: 2858
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Conferences
• abstract: In wafer-scale CMOS image sensors, the 3-transistor structure suffers from its low speed. To overcome this limitation, we propose a digital pixel sensor which has a digital-pixel output instead of analog-pixel output as in a conventional 3-transistor pixel. The digital pixel sensor can provide a high frame because it eliminates analog-to-digital conversion time. In addition, it removes the noise from long analog-signal paths. As a prototype, we designed a 4.5mm × 4.0mm chip having 24 × 16 pixels of 100μm × 100μm using standard 0.18μm CMOS technology. With 2MHz clock, the readout time for each pixel was 6micro seconds. When 3000pixels are in each column of a full-wafer-size CMOS image sensor, 50fps can be achieved with the digital pixels based on pulse width modulation.
• article_number: 6829608
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6829608
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6829608/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6829608/
• publication_title: 2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (2013 NSS/MIC)
• conference_location: Seoul, Korea (South)
• conference_dates: 27 Oct.-2 Nov. 2013
• publication_number: 6819718
• is_number: 6829008
• publication_year: 2013
• publication_date: 27 Oct.-2 Nov. 2013
• start_page: 1
• end_page: 4
• citing_paper_count: 0
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 190
• insert_date: 20140612
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Clocks
    • CMOS integrated circuits
    • Pulse width modulation
    • CMOS image sensors
    • CMOS technology
    • Photoconductivity
    • Photodiodes
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Pulse Width
    • Pulsewidth Modulation
    • High Frame Rate
    • Digital Sensor
    • Large Pixel
    • Sensor Pixel
    • Large Sensor
    • Digital Pixel
    • Conversion Time
    • Readout Time
    • Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Technology
    • MHz Clock
    • Medical Applications
    • Photocurrent
    • Digital Radiography
    • Digital X-ray
    • Portable X-ray
    • Digital Output
    • Test Board
    • Bit-shift
    • Bit-shift Operations
• isbn_formats:
  • format: DVD ISBN, value: 978-1-4799-3423-2, isbnType: New-2005
  • format: CD, value: 978-1-4799-0533-1, isbnType: New-2005
  • format: Electronic ISBN, value: 978-1-4799-0534-8, isbnType: New-2005
• authors:
  • Author Name: D. Kang
    Affiliation: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/38256775300
    ID: 38256775300
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
  • Author Name: D. Lee
    Affiliation: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37085405290
    ID: 37085405290
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
  • Author Name: M. S. Kim
    Affiliation: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37086759617
    ID: 37086759617
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
  • Author Name: C. Kim
    Affiliation: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37336296200
    ID: 37336296200
    Order: 4
    Author Affiliations:
    • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
  • Author Name: M. Cho
    Affiliation: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37401639500
    ID: 37401639500
    Order: 5
    Author Affiliations:
    • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
  • Author Name: H. Yoo
    Affiliation: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37088708637
    ID: 37088708637
    Order: 6
    Author Affiliations:
    • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
  • Author Name: Y. Kim
    Affiliation: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37088710874
    ID: 37088710874
    Order: 7
    Author Affiliations:
    • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
  • Author Name: H. Kim
    Affiliation: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37085698452
    ID: 37085698452
    Order: 8
    Author Affiliations:
    • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
  • Author Name: J. Kim
    Affiliation: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37407274000
    ID: 37407274000
    Order: 9
    Author Affiliations:
    • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
  • Author Name: K. Park
    Affiliation: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37539842700
    ID: 37539842700
    Order: 10
    Author Affiliations:
    • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
  • Author Name: E. J. Lee
    Affiliation: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37085551196
    ID: 37085551196
    Order: 11
    Author Affiliations:
    • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
  • Author Name: K. T. Lim
    Affiliation: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37085424569
    ID: 37085424569
    Order: 12
    Author Affiliations:
    • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
  • Author Name: G. Cho
    Affiliation: Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37278765700
    ID: 37278765700
    Order: 13
    Author Affiliations:
    • Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 24 x 16 pixels
• dynamic_range: Not specified
• pixel_size: 100 μm x 100 μm
• dark_current: Not specified

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not specified
• aperture: Not specified
• field_of_view: Not specified
• distortion: Not specified

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 400 fps

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Used in medical X-ray applications, improving imaging speed and reducing noise from long analog-signal paths.
• benefits: High frame rate, lower power consumption, system integration, and reduction of noise in outputs.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) and Korean government (MEST)

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: 27 Oct.-2 Nov. 2013

Relevancy Score

• score: 10
• missing_fields:
  • quantum_efficiency
  • readout_speed
  • temporal_noise
  • fixed_pattern_noise
  • microlenses
  • on_chip_colour_filters
  • global_shutters
  • rolling_shutters
  • backside_illumination

Processed JSON Filename

request_0076045a-1a5f-46cc-b91b-942251faed83-large_area_xray_cmos_digital_pixel_sensor_based_on_pulse_width_modulation_for_high_frame_rate_applications.json