Focalplane Spatially Oversampling Cmos Image Compression Sensor

• doi: 10.1109/TCSI.2006.887976
• title: Focal-Plane Spatially Oversampling CMOS Image Compression Sensor
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn:
• issn: 1558-0806
• rank: 2515
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Journals
• abstract: Image compression algorithms employ computationally expensive spatial convolutional transforms. The CMOS image sensor performs spatially compressing image quantization on the focal plane yielding digital output at a rate proportional to the mere information rate of the video. A bank of column-parallel first-order incremental DeltaSigma-modulated analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) performs column-wise distributed focal-plane oversampling of up to eight adjacent pixels and concurrent weighted average quantization. Number of samples per pixel and switched-capacitor sampling sequence order set the amplitude and sign of the pixel coefficient, respectively. A simple digital delay and adder loop performs spatial accumulation over up to eight adjacent ADC outputs during readout. This amounts to computing a two-dimensional block matrix transform with up to 8times8-pixel programmable kernel in parallel for all columns. Noise shaping reduces power dissipation below that of a conventional digital imager while the need for a peripheral DSP is eliminated. A 128times128 active pixel array integrated with a bank of 128 DeltaSigma-modulated ADCs was fabricated in a 0.35-mum CMOS technology. The 3.1 mm times 1.9-mm prototype captures 8-bit digital video at 30 frames/s and yields 4 GMACS projected computational throughput when scaled to HDTV 1080i resolution in discrete cosine transform (DCT) compression
• article_number: 4061026
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4061026
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4061026/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4061026/
• publication_title: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers
• conference_location:
• conference_dates:
• publication_number: 8919
• is_number: 4061002
• publication_year: 2007
• publication_date: Jan. 2007
• start_page: 26
• end_page: 34
• citing_paper_count: 43
• citing_patent_count: 2
• download_count: 904
• insert_date: 20070115
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • CMOS image sensors
    • Image coding
    • Quantization
    • Video compression
    • CMOS technology
    • Discrete cosine transforms
    • Information rates
    • Analog-digital conversion
    • Sampling methods
    • Added delay
  • author_terms:
    • $\Delta \Sigma $-modulated analog-to-digital converter (ADC)
    • block matrix transform
    • CMOS imager
    • focal-plane image compression
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Focal Plane
    • Back Focal Plane
    • Image Compression
    • Digital Images
    • Significance Of Coefficients
    • Block Diagonal
    • Block Matrix
    • Block Matrices
    • Image Sensor
    • Camera Sensor
    • Adjacent Pixels
    • CMOS Technology
    • Discrete Cosine Transform
    • Compression Algorithm
    • Digital Output
    • Digital Delay
    • High-resolution
    • Operation Mode
    • Frame Rate
    • Wavelet Transform
    • Wavelet Coefficients
    • Conventional Imaging
    • Thermal Noise
    • Current Noise
    • Quantization Error
    • Amount Of Error
    • Bitstream
    • Binary Sequence
    • Output Pixel
    • Video Compression
    • Quantization Noise
    • Vertical Dimension
    • Digital Domain
    • Imaging Readout
    • Shift Register
    • Spatial Kernel
    • Circuit Implementation
    • Timing Diagram
• authors:
  • Author Name: Ashkan Olyaei
    Affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37294035600
    ID: 37294035600
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada
  • Author Name: Roman Genov
    Affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37270856200
    ID: 37270856200
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 128x128
• dynamic_range: not specified in the text
• pixel_size: not specified in the text
• dark_current: not specified in the text

Optical Data

• focal_length: not specified in the text
• aperture: not specified in the text
• field_of_view: not specified in the text
• distortion: not specified in the text

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 30 fps
• signal_to_noise_ratio: not specified in the text
• sensitivity: not specified in the text
• shutter_speed: not specified in the text
• power_consumption: not specified in the text
• noise: not specified in the text

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: not specified in the text
• benefits: Eliminates the need for a peripheral DSP, reduces power dissipation

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: NSERC, CITO, CFI

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: Jan. 2007

Relevancy Score

• score: 8
• missing_fields:
  • fill factor
  • quantum efficiency
  • readout speed
  • noise sources
  • analog-to-digital conversion techniques
  • design considerations

Processed JSON Filename

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