Focalplane Image Encoder With Cascode Current Mirrors And Increased Vector Quantization Bit Rate

• doi: 10.1109/SBCCI.2016.7724059
• title: Focal-plane image encoder with cascode current mirrors and increased vector quantization bit rate
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn: 978-1-5090-2737-8
• issn:
• rank: 2516
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Conferences
• abstract: Focal-plane processing is the target of many studies due to its potential for enhancing the speed of the vision system flow. With focal-plane processing it is possible to perform parallel processing throughout the entire matrix. Usually, in vision systems, analog-to-digital conversion (ADC), transmission and storage represent a bottleneck. In order to alleviate these constraints, analog image compression is implemented at the focalplane, thereby reducing the amount of data to be transmitted and the bandwidth requirements. The ADC is performed at the focal-plane as well, after the compression operation whose realization is based on differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM), linear transform and vector quantization (VQ) applied on every 4 × 4 pixel block using current-mode circuits. This paper presents experimental results obtained from the second-generation of an image sensor. The main contributions in comparison to the previous realization are: increase of the vector quantizer complexity, number of bits per pixel, pixel matrix size, and the use of cascode current mirrors in the linear transform matrix. The image sensor advanced in this paper was fabricated in a standard 180 nm CMOS process.
• article_number: 7724059
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=7724059
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7724059/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7724059/
• publication_title: 2016 29th Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI)
• conference_location: Belo Horizonte, Brazil
• conference_dates: 29 Aug.-3 Sept. 2016
• publication_number: 7593174
• is_number: 7724036
• publication_year: 2016
• publication_date: 29 Aug.-3 Sept. 2016
• start_page: 1
• end_page: 6
• citing_paper_count: 0
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 124
• insert_date: 20161031
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Machine vision
    • Transforms
    • CMOS process
    • Complexity theory
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Bitrate
    • Vector Quantization
    • Current Mirror
    • Quantization Bits
    • Focal Plane Images
    • Cascode Current Mirror
    • Visual System
    • Image Sensor
    • Camera Sensor
    • Image Compression
    • Entire Matrix
    • Pixel Matrix
    • Pixel Matrices
    • Pixel Block
    • Image Quality
    • Source Code
    • Data Compression
    • Photodiode
    • Close Values
    • Neighboring Pixels
    • Neighborhood Pixels
    • Fourth Row
    • Least Significant Bit
    • Low Bit
    • Dc Component
    • Modulation Transfer Function
    • Optical Transfer Function
    • AC Component
    • Compression Algorithm
    • System-level Simulation
    • Value Of Block
    • Value Of Each Block
    • Black Stripes
    • White Striping
    • Readout Circuit
• isbn_formats:
  • format: Print on Demand(PoD) ISBN, value: 978-1-5090-2737-8, isbnType: New-2005
  • format: Electronic ISBN, value: 978-1-5090-2736-1, isbnType: New-2005
• authors:
  • Author Name: Fernanda D. V. R. Oliveira
    Affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-COPPE-PEE, Rio de Janeiro
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37955932900
    ID: 37955932900
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-COPPE-PEE, Rio de Janeiro
  • Author Name: Tiago M. de F. Lopes
    Affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-COPPE-PEE, Rio de Janeiro
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37085888527
    ID: 37085888527
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-COPPE-PEE, Rio de Janeiro
  • Author Name: José Gabriel R. C. Gomes
    Affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-COPPE-PEE, Rio de Janeiro
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37285881800
    ID: 37285881800
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-COPPE-PEE, Rio de Janeiro
  • Author Name: Fernando A. P. Barúqui
    Affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-COPPE-PEE, Rio de Janeiro
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37332641900
    ID: 37332641900
    Order: 4
    Author Affiliations:
    • Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-COPPE-PEE, Rio de Janeiro
  • Author Name: Antonio Petraglia
    Affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-COPPE-PEE, Rio de Janeiro
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37270882400
    ID: 37270882400
    Order: 5
    Author Affiliations:
    • Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-COPPE-PEE, Rio de Janeiro

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 64 x 64
• dynamic_range: N/A
• pixel_size: 27.2 µm x 27.2 µm
• dark_current: N/A

Optical Data

• focal_length: N/A
• aperture: N/A
• field_of_view: N/A
• distortion: N/A

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: N/A
• signal_to_noise_ratio: N/A
• sensitivity: N/A
• shutter_speed: N/A
• power_consumption: 1.8 V
• noise: N/A

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: The sensor can be used in various applications such as surveillance, photography, and embedded systems.
• benefits: Enhances speed, reduces power consumption, allows for parallel processing, and increases data compression efficiency.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: CAPES, CNPq, and FAPERJ.

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: 29 Aug.-3 Sept. 2016

Relevancy Score

• score: 9
• missing_fields:
  • quantum efficiency
  • readout speed
  • pixel fill factor
  • temporal noise sources
  • analog-to-digital conversion techniques
  • use of microlenses
  • on-chip color filters
  • global or rolling shutters
  • backside illumination

Processed JSON Filename

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