Cmosbased Gunshot Optical Detection Systems Performance Prediction Model

• doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2018.2830320
• title: CMOS-Based Gunshot Optical Detection Systems Performance Prediction Model
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn:
• issn: 2379-9153
• rank: 1872
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Journals
• abstract: Detection of gunshots is a challenging mission which has many different engineering and sensing approaches. In this paper, we describe the system performance model for gun muzzle detection systems which are based either on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors or on CMOS (as well as non-CMOS-based) single-photon avalanche diode image sensors. The principle of detection which was explored in this paper is based on the emission of photons from alkali atoms which are found in the projectiles' gunpowder. This paper describes the model of electro-optical performance and its sensitivities to its various parameters. This paper also describes how the model may be used to derive requirements for the system's optical design. This paper ends with a description of the model's experimental validation, which reassures its correctness and applicability.
• article_number: 8347084
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8347084
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8347084/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8347084/
• publication_title: IEEE Sensors Journal
• conference_location:
• conference_dates:
• publication_number: 7361
• is_number: 8362638
• publication_year: 2018
• publication_date: 15 June15, 2018
• start_page: 5090
• end_page: 5097
• citing_paper_count: 3
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 275
• insert_date: 20180425
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Image sensors
    • Single-photon avalanche diodes
    • Photonics
    • Detectors
    • Semiconductor device modeling
    • Optics
  • author_terms:
    • Detectors
    • electric sensing devices
    • gunshot detection systems
    • optical detectors
    • optoelectronic and photonic sensors
    • photodetectors
    • sensors systems and applications
    • silicon radiation detectors
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Detection System
    • Optical System
    • Optical Devices
    • Optical Detection
    • Image Sensor
    • Camera Sensor
    • Optical Design
    • Single-photon Avalanche Diode
    • Single Photon Avalanche Diode
    • Gunpowder
    • Field Of View
    • Field-of-view
    • Background Noise
    • Ambient Noise
    • Poisson Distribution
    • Poissonian
    • False Alarm
    • Noise Sources
    • Point Spread Function
    • Dead Time
    • Background Radiation
    • Ambient Radiation
    • Radiation Environment
    • Shot Noise
    • Poisson Noise
    • Shot-noise
    • Optical Parameters
    • Spectral Bandwidth
    • Spectral Bandwidths
    • Atmospheric Transmittance
    • Instantaneous Field Of View
    • IFOV
    • Instantaneous Field-of-view
    • Direct Illumination
    • Dominant Noise Source
    • Temporal Noise
    • Readout Noise
    • Dark Count Rate
    • Pixel Pitch
    • Wavelength Of Interest
    • Wavelengths Of Interest
    • Pupil Diameter
    • Blackbody
    • Blackbody Radiation
• authors:
  • Author Name: Avi Shoham
    Affiliation: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37086380092
    ID: 37086380092
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
  • Author Name: Alex Katz
    Affiliation: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37086288876
    ID: 37086288876
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
  • Author Name: Yael Nemirovsky
    Affiliation: Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37283695600
    ID: 37283695600
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: Not specified
• dynamic_range: Not specified
• pixel_size: Not specified
• dark_current: Assumed to be small with respect to high sampling frequency.

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not specified
• aperture: Not specified
• field_of_view: Defined by the instantaneous field-of-view (IFOV) affected by pixel pitch and effective focal length.
• distortion: Not specified

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: A few hundreds of frames per second for cooled MWIR detectors; 7-15 KHz for SPAD and CMOS sensors.
• signal_to_noise_ratio: Described but specific values not stated. Maximum SNR defined in the context of ideal conditions as SNR_max = Nf/√Nf.
• sensitivity: Photons emitted by gunpowder (alkali metals) at specific wavelengths (589nm for Sodium and 766-769nm for Potassium) suggesting high sensitivity in these wavelengths.
• shutter_speed: Frame time and effective integration time are defined but not specified numerically; examples show effective integration times close to 5.12μs or less based on readout times.
• power_consumption: Not specified.
• noise: Readout noise (Ndet) is neglected in high sensitivity sensors; other variances include background and shot noise.

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Not specified
• benefits: Supports detection of gun muzzle flash, beneficial for military and homeland security applications.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: Not specified

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: 15 June15, 2018

Relevancy Score

• score: 9
• missing_fields:
  • resolution
  • dynamic_range
  • focal_length
  • aperture
  • distortion
  • cell_imaging
  • supported_by

Processed JSON Filename

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