Campuf Physically Unclonable Function Based On Cmos Image Sensor Fixed Pattern Noise

• doi: 10.1109/DAC.2018.8465908
• title: CamPUF: Physically Unclonable Function based on CMOS Image Sensor Fixed Pattern Noise
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn: 978-1-5386-4115-6
• issn:
• rank: 1890
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Conferences
• abstract: Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) have proved to be an effective measure for secure device authentication and key generation. We propose a novel PUF design, named CamPUF, based on commercial off-the-shelf CMOS image sensors, which are ubiquitously available in almost all mobile devices. The inherent process mismatch between pixel sensors and readout circuits in an image sensor manifests as unique fixed pattern noise (FPN) in the image. We exploit FPN caused by dark signal non-uniformity (DSNU) as the basis for implementing the PUF. DSNU can be extracted only from dark images that are not shared with others, and only the legitimate user can obtain it with full control of the image sensor. Compared to other FPN components that can be extracted from shared images, DSNU facilitates more secure and usable device authentication. We present an eficient and reliable key generation procedure for use in wireless low-power devices. We implement CamPUF on Google Nexus 5X and Nexus 5 and evaluate the uniqueness and robustness of the keys, as well as its security against counterfeiting. We demonstrate that it discriminates legitimate and illegitimate authentication attempts without confusion.
• article_number: 8465908
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8465908
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8465908/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8465908/
• publication_title: 2018 55th ACM/ESDA/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC)
• conference_location: San Francisco, CA, USA
• conference_dates: 24-28 June 2018
• publication_number: 8430031
• is_number: 8465567
• publication_year: 2018
• publication_date: 24-28 June 2018
• start_page: 1
• end_page: 6
• citing_paper_count: 9
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 483
• insert_date: 20180920
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Authentication
    • Transform coding
    • CMOS image sensors
    • Temperature sensors
  • author_terms:
    • physically unclonable function
    • image sensor
    • authentication
    • fixed pattern noise
    • dark signal non-uniformity
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Image Sensor
    • Camera Sensor
    • Physical Unclonable Functions
    • Fixed Pattern Noise
    • Fixed-pattern Noise
    • Mobile Devices
    • Portable Devices
    • Dark Images
    • Key Generation
    • Legitimate Users
    • Low-power Devices
    • Sensor Pixel
    • Readout Circuit
    • Quality Factor
    • Q-factor
    • Wearable Devices
    • Wearable Technology
    • Raw Images
    • High-quality Images
    • High Quality Images
    • Dark Current
    • Discrete Cosine Transform
    • Bright Pixels
    • Individual Sensors
    • JPEG Images
    • JPEG Files
    • JPEG Compression
    • Dark Pixels
    • Brightest Pixel
    • Temporal Noise
    • Changes In Ambient Temperature
    • JPEG Format
    • Night Sky
    • Smartphone
    • Dominant Noise
    • Registration Phase
    • Enrollment Phase
• isbn_formats:
  • format: Print on Demand(PoD) ISBN, value: 978-1-5386-4115-6, isbnType: New-2005
  • format: Electronic ISBN, value: 978-1-5386-4114-9, isbnType: New-2005
• authors:
  • Author Name: Younghyun Kim
    Affiliation: University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37406976600
    ID: 37406976600
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
  • Author Name: Yongwoo Lee
    Affiliation: University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37086460347
    ID: 37086460347
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 12-megapixel (Sony IMX377), 8-megapixel (Sony IMX179)
• dynamic_range: Not specified
• pixel_size: Not specified
• dark_current: Not specified (depends on temperature) due to heavy temperature dependence on dark current variations, identified as dark signal non-uniformity (DSNU) noise in dark images used for PUF (Physically Unclonable Function) implementation by C₁ᵘFF (CMOS Image Sensor based Fixed Pattern Noise). High dynamic range is expected but not quantitatively mentioned in the provided text, as it discusses the performance in terms of HD (Hamming Distance) rather than specific signal or image quality attributes. DSNU and noise sources are highlighted as major contributors to performance characteristics.

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not specified
• aperture: Not specified
• field_of_view: Not specified
• distortion: Not specified

Performance Metrics

• noise: Addressed in terms of dark signal non-uniformity affecting the pixel array and inferenced to be low, but specific numerical values are not provided.

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Implies usage for security related applications (i.e., in mobile devices) through PUF for device authentication and security measures, maintaining user privacy and safety.
• benefits: Implements a practical and efficient method leveraging the existing CMOS image sensors in mobile devices, facilitating device and data authentication without requiring custom hardware, thus reducing costs and enhancing security.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: National Science Foundation under Grant No. CNS-1719336

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: 24-28 June 2018

Relevancy Score

• score: 9
• missing_fields:
  • pixel_size
  • focal_length
  • aperture
  • field_of_view
  • distortion
  • frame_rate
  • signal_to_noise_ratio
  • sensitivity
  • shutter_speed
  • power_consumption

Processed JSON Filename

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