Assessment Of A New Highperformance Smallanimal Xray Tomograph

• doi: 10.1109/TNS.2008.922814
• title: Assessment of a New High-Performance Small-Animal X-Ray Tomograph
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn:
• issn: 1558-1578
• rank: 1684
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Journals
• abstract: We have developed a new X-ray cone-beam tomograph for in vivo small-animal imaging using a flat panel detector (CMOS technology with a microcolumnar CsI scintillator plate) and a microfocus X-ray source. The geometrical configuration was designed to achieve a spatial resolution of about 12 lpmm with a field of view appropriate for laboratory rodents. In order to achieve high performance with regard to per-animal screening time and cost, the acquisition software takes advantage of the highest frame rate of the detector and performs on-the-fly corrections on the detector raw data. These corrections include geometrical misalignments, sensor non-uniformities, and defective elements. The resulting image is then converted to attenuation values. We measured detector modulation transfer function (MTF), detector stability, system resolution, quality of the reconstructed tomographic images and radiated dose. The system resolution was measured following the standard test method ASTM E 1695 -95. For image quality evaluation, we assessed signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) as a function of the radiated dose. Dose studies for different imaging protocols were performed by introducing TLD dosimeters in representative organs of euthanized laboratory rats. Noise figure, measured as standard deviation, was 50 HU for a dose of 10 cGy. Effective dose with standard research protocols is below 200 mGy, confirming that the system is appropriate for in vivo imaging. Maximum spatial resolution achieved was better than 50 micron. Our experimental results obtained with image quality phantoms as well as with in-vivo studies show that the proposed configuration based on a CMOS flat panel detector and a small micro-focus X-ray tube leads to a compact design that provides good image quality and low radiated dose, and it could be used as an add-on for existing PET or SPECT scanners.
• article_number: 4545226
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4545226
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4545226/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4545226/
• publication_title: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
• conference_location:
• conference_dates:
• publication_number: 23
• is_number: 4545058
• publication_year: 2008
• publication_date: June 2008
• start_page: 898
• end_page: 905
• citing_paper_count: 42
• citing_patent_count: 2
• download_count: 254
• insert_date: 20080617
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • X-ray imaging
    • Image quality
    • In vivo
    • Optical imaging
    • X-ray detection
    • X-ray detectors
    • CMOS technology
    • Spatial resolution
    • Laboratories
    • Signal resolution
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Standard Protocol
    • Spatial Resolution
    • Image Quality
    • X-ray Source
    • Acquisition Software
    • Hounsfield Units
    • Geometric Configuration
    • Geometry Configuration
    • Flat Panel
    • Flat Panel Displays
    • Flat Screen
    • Preclinical Imaging
    • Small Animal Imaging
    • In-vivo Imaging
    • CMOS Technology
    • Laboratory Rodents
    • Contrast-to-noise Ratio
    • Modulation Transfer Function
    • Optical Transfer Function
    • Noise Figure
    • Image Quality Evaluation
    • Stable Detection
    • Microfocus X-ray
    • Micro-focused X-ray
    • Acquisition Time
    • Radiation Dose
    • Irradiation Dose
    • Germanium Detector
    • HPGe
    • Silicon Detector
    • Semiconductor Detector
    • Silicon Strip Detectors
    • Small Animal
    • Point Spread Function
    • Image Reconstruction Process
    • Angular Position
    • Angular Direction
    • Acquisition Protocol
    • Nuclear Imaging
    • Radionuclide Imaging
    • Nuclear Medicine Imaging
    • Intrinsic Resolution
    • High-resolution Capability
    • Magnification Factor
• authors:
  • Author Name: J. J. Vaquero
    Affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37268432700
    ID: 37268432700
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
  • Author Name: S. Redondo
    Affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37295198400
    ID: 37295198400
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
  • Author Name: E. Lage
    Affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37295199300
    ID: 37295199300
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
  • Author Name: M. Abella
    Affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/38324167900
    ID: 38324167900
    Order: 4
    Author Affiliations:
    • Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
  • Author Name: A. Sisniega
    Affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37397042000
    ID: 37397042000
    Order: 5
    Author Affiliations:
    • Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
  • Author Name: G. Tapias
    Affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37295201600
    ID: 37295201600
    Order: 6
    Author Affiliations:
    • Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
  • Author Name: M. L. Soto Montenegro
    Affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/38097440300
    ID: 38097440300
    Order: 7
    Author Affiliations:
    • Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
  • Author Name: M. Desco
    Affiliation: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37268428800
    ID: 37268428800
    Order: 8
    Author Affiliations:
    • Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 2400x2400 pixels (2400 x 2400), with effective pixels being 2240 x 2344
• dynamic_range: Not explicitly mentioned
• pixel_size: 50 micrometers, with options for 100 and 200 micrometers depending on hardware binning
• dark_current: Not mentioned

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not specified
• aperture: Not specified
• field_of_view: 75 mm diameter and 75 mm length
• distortion: Not specified

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 2 to 9 images per second depending on selected binning
• signal_to_noise_ratio: Noise level measured as standard deviation below 50 HU at 7.5 cGy
• shutter_speed: 20 ms minimum opening time for the shutter to block X-ray beam
• power_consumption: 50 W maximum anode power, limited to 40 W for the specified settings.
• noise: Standard deviation of noise was evaluated with a maximum noise level below 50 HU.

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Not explicitly covered as paper focuses on small-animal imaging applications.
• benefits: High-resolution imaging suitable for preclinical studies with low radiated dose.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: Supported by the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Comunidad de Madrid, and CDTEAM project, CENIT program from Ministerio de Industria.

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: June 2008

Relevancy Score

• score: 8
• missing_fields:
  • dark_current
  • fill_factor
  • quantum_efficiency
  • analog_to_digital_conversion
  • readout_speed
  • noise_sources
  • microlenses
  • on_chip_colour_filters
  • global_or_rolling_shutters
  • backside_illumination

Processed JSON Filename

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