An Energy Harvester Using Image Sensor Pixels With Cold Start And Over 96 Mppt Efficiency

• doi: 10.1109/ESSCIRC.2019.8902872
• title: An Energy Harvester Using Image Sensor Pixels With Cold Start and Over 96% MPPT Efficiency
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn: 978-1-7281-1551-1
• issn: 1930-8833
• rank: 1489
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Conferences
• abstract: This letter presents an energy harvester using conventional 4-T CMOS image sensor pixels in 0.13-µm CMOS. Its 320 240 pixel array can be time multiplexed to capture images or harvest energy. Among reported pixels with energy harvesting capability, we achieve the highest fill factor of 60.4% at a pitch of 5 µm. Auxiliary photodiodes that are placed outside the imager array generate a supply rail that enables cold start at incident light levels as low as 25 lux. A switched-capacitor (SC) boost converter steps up the harvested energy from 0.25–0.4 V to 1.8-V analog and 0.6-V digital supplies. The design achieves a peak power efficiency of 52.4% at an output power of 266 nW, while its analog maximum input power point tracking control circuit maintains over 96% tracking efficiency across all lighting conditions.
• article_number: 8902872
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8902872
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8902872/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8902872/
• publication_title: ESSCIRC 2019 - IEEE 45th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)
• conference_location: Cracow, Poland
• conference_dates: 23-26 Sept. 2019
• publication_number: 8895615
• is_number: 8902346
• publication_year: 2019
• publication_date: 23-26 Sept. 2019
• start_page: 207
• end_page: 210
• citing_paper_count: 0
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 310
• insert_date: 20191118
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Clocks
    • Oscillators
    • Photodiodes
    • Switching frequency
    • Rails
    • Maximum power point trackers
    • Semiconductor device measurement
  • author_terms:
    • CMOS image sensor (CIS)
    • cold start
    • energy harvesting (EH)
    • maximum input power point tracking (MPPT)
    • photodiode
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Energy Harvesting
    • Image Sensor
    • Camera Sensor
    • Cold Start
    • Image Sensor Pixel
    • Light Conditions
    • Output Power
    • Maximum Power
    • Fill Factor
    • Maximum Power Point
    • Pixel Array
    • Boost Converter
    • Tracking Efficiency
    • Light Intensity
    • Pulse Width
    • Pulsewidth Modulation
    • Pulsewidth
    • Pulse Width Modulation
    • Current Source
    • Current Regulations
    • Oscillation Frequency
    • Switching Frequency
    • Forward Bias
    • Forward Biased
    • Forward Voltage
    • Charging Time
    • Maximum Power Point Tracking
    • MPPT
    • Ultra-low Power
    • Output Voltage Regulation
    • Power Point Tracking
    • Pixel Pitch
• isbn_formats:
  • format: Print on Demand(PoD) ISBN, value: 978-1-7281-1551-1, isbnType: New-2005
  • format: USB ISBN, value: 978-1-7281-1549-8, isbnType: New-2005
  • format: Electronic ISBN, value: 978-1-7281-1550-4, isbnType: New-2005
• authors:
  • Author Name: Nishit Shah
    Affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37087060349
    ID: 37087060349
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
  • Author Name: Pedram Lajevardi
    Affiliation: Integrated Circuit Design Group, Robert Bosch Research and Technology Center, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/38106129000
    ID: 38106129000
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Integrated Circuit Design Group, Robert Bosch Research and Technology Center, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
  • Author Name: Ken Wojciechowski
    Affiliation: Integrated Circuit Design Group, Robert Bosch Research and Technology Center, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37087056584
    ID: 37087056584
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Integrated Circuit Design Group, Robert Bosch Research and Technology Center, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
  • Author Name: Christoph Lang
    Affiliation: Integrated Circuit Design Group, Robert Bosch Research and Technology Center, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37951912100
    ID: 37951912100
    Order: 4
    Author Affiliations:
    • Integrated Circuit Design Group, Robert Bosch Research and Technology Center, Sunnyvale, CA, USA
  • Author Name: Boris Murmann
    Affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37300093100
    ID: 37300093100
    Order: 5
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 320x240
• dynamic_range: Not specified
• pixel_size: 5 µm
• dark_current: Not specified

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not specified
• aperture: Not specified
• field_of_view: Not specified
• distortion: Not specified

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 3 QVGA frames/minute
• power_consumption: 266 nW

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Applicable for applications like warehouse inventory tracking and structural fault detection allowing image capture every few minutes
• benefits: Improves battery life and reduces cost and footprint of sensor nodes.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: Robert Bosch Research and Technology Center

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: 23-26 Sept. 2019

Relevancy Score

• score: 10
• missing_fields:
  • quantum_efficiency
  • fill_factor
  • tracking_efficiency
  • maximum_power_point_tracking
  • MPPT_tracking_efficiency
  • ambient_light_conditions
  • application_fields
  • specific_use_cases

Processed JSON Filename

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