An Analytical Performance Study Of A Nonlineofsight Optical Camera Communication System Based On Rolling Shutter And Color Shift Keying

• doi: 10.1109/LS1858153.2023.10170645
• title: An Analytical Performance Study of a Non-Line-of-Sight Optical Camera Communication System Based on Rolling Shutter and Color Shift Keying
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn: 979-8-3503-4700-5
• issn:
• rank: 1475
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Conferences
• abstract: Rolling Shutter is a mechanism employed in CMOS-based cameras for capturing images. It has been explored in Optical Camera Communications to improve transmission data rates. Additionally, the Color Shift Keying modulation scheme, which combines pulse amplitude modulation and wavelength division multiplexing techniques, utilizes three or more color LEDs. By integrating Color Shift Keying modulation with the Rolling Shutter mechanism, cameras can achieve higher data rates compared to other modulation schemes used in Visible Light Communication. However, the application of Rolling Shutter-based Optical Camera Communication in non-line-of-sight scenarios, particularly with Color Shift Keying, remains largely unexplored. This study aims to characterize the performance of a non-line-of-sight camera communication system that employs Rolling Shutter. To assess the system’s performance, a camera communication model was developed using Python. The model considered key factors such as the spectral power distribution of the light source, the spectral reflectance of the surface, and the spectral response of the image sensor. Results from the model confirmed the presence of non-uniform irradiance on the image sensor, particularly on large surfaces, as expected. A Python- based simulator generated three color channel images, enabling estimation of the minimum distance between constellation symbols for two different constellation designs for Color Shift Keying. For a non-line-of-sight scenario, a maximum data rate of 5.76 kbps was estimated.
• article_number: 10170645
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10170645
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10170645/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10170645/
• publication_title: 2023 IEEE Sustainable Smart Lighting World Conference & Expo (LS18)
• conference_location: Mumbai, India
• conference_dates: 8-10 June 2023
• publication_number: 10169133
• is_number: 10169927
• publication_year: 2023
• publication_date: 8-10 June 2023
• start_page: 1
• end_page: 6
• citing_paper_count: 2
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 163
• insert_date: 20230707
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Image sensors
    • Image color analysis
    • Communication systems
    • Cameras
    • Optical imaging
    • Optical sensors
    • Optical reflection
  • author_terms:
    • optical camera communication
    • rolling shutter
    • color shift keying
    • channel modeling
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Communication Systems
    • Rolling Shutter
    • Optical Camera Communication
    • Color Shift Keying
    • Light Source
    • Data Rate
    • Data Evaluation
    • Minimum Distance
    • Power Distribution
    • Image Sensor
    • Camera Sensor
    • Surface Reflectance
    • Modulation Scheme
    • Modulation Strategy
    • Spectral Reflectance
    • Spectral Distribution
    • Wavelength Division Multiplexing
    • Data Transmission Rate
    • Visible Light Communication
    • Digital Camera
    • Scaling Factor
    • Image Plane
    • Shot Noise
    • Poisson Noise
    • Thermal Noise
    • Current Noise
    • Luminous Flux
    • Luminous Power
    • Color Temperature
    • Temperature Light
    • Raw Images
    • Pinhole Camera
    • Optical Power
    • Lens Power
    • Refractive Power
    • Projection Images
    • Quantum Efficiency
    • Image Generation
• isbn_formats:
  • format: Print on Demand(PoD) ISBN, value: 979-8-3503-4700-5, isbnType: New-2005
  • format: Electronic ISBN, value: 979-8-3503-4699-2, isbnType: New-2005
• authors:
  • Author Name: Juan F. Gutierrez
    Affiliation: PhD Student, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37089898448
    ID: 37089898448
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • PhD Student, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
  • Author Name: Diego Sandoval
    Affiliation: Invited Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37085636232
    ID: 37085636232
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Invited Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
  • Author Name: Jesus M. Quintero
    Affiliation: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37089897934
    ID: 37089897934
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 1640 X 1232
• dynamic_range: not explicitly stated
• pixel_size: 1 micrometre (µm)
• dark_current: not explicitly stated

Optical Data

• focal_length: 3 mm
• aperture: not explicitly stated
• field_of_view: not explicitly stated
• distortion: not explicitly stated

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 30 fps
• signal_to_noise_ratio: not explicitly stated
• sensitivity: not explicitly stated
• shutter_speed: not explicitly stated
• power_consumption: 1.9×10^-1 mW
• noise: depends on pixel's current

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: OCC applications can be utilized in cell imaging through digital cameras allowing enhanced imaging of biological samples.
• benefits: Utilization of off-the-shelf hardware and capability to capture information from multiple transmitters.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: 8-10 June 2023

Relevancy Score

• score: 9
• missing_fields:
  • dynamic_range
  • signal_to_noise_ratio
  • sensitivity
  • shutter_speed
  • dark_current
  • aperture
  • field_of_view
  • distortion

Processed JSON Filename

request_28605480-5359-4d5d-8f81-674b8a6ce2b5-an_analytical_performance_study_of_a_nonlineofsight_optical_camera_communication_system_based_on_rolling_shutter_and_color_shift_keying.json