A Selfcalibrating Singlechip Cmos Camera With Logarithmic Response

• doi: 10.1109/4.913736
• title: A self-calibrating single-chip CMOS camera with logarithmic response
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn:
• issn: 1558-173X
• rank: 1275
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Journals
• abstract: A high-dynamic-range CMOS image sensor consisting of nonintegrating, continuously working photoreceptors with logarithmic response is presented. The nonuniformity problem caused by the device-to-device variations is greatly reduced by an implemented analog self-calibration. After performing this calibration, the remaining fixed pattern noise amounts to 3.8% (RMS) of an intensity decade at a uniform illumination of 1 W/m/sup 2/. The sensor provides a resolution of 384/spl times/288 pixels and a dynamic range of 6 decades in the intensity region from 3 mW/m/sup 2/ to 3 kW/m/sup 2/. It contains all components required for operating as a camera-on-a-chip. The image data can be read out either via a single analog line (video standard) or via a digital interface after undergoing an analog-to-digital conversion on the chip. Additional features like automatic exposure control, averaging of adjacent pixels, and digital zoom have been implemented, making the sensor suitable for a wide field of applications.
• article_number: 913736
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=913736
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/913736/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/913736/
• publication_title: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
• conference_location:
• conference_dates:
• publication_number: 4
• is_number: 19725
• publication_year: 2001
• publication_date: April 2001
• start_page: 586
• end_page: 596
• citing_paper_count: 107
• citing_patent_count: 9
• download_count: 1527
• insert_date: 20020807
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • CMOS image sensors
    • Cameras
    • Photoreceptors
    • Calibration
    • Sensor arrays
    • Lighting
    • Dynamic range
    • Pixel
    • Photodiodes
    • Circuits
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Logarithmic Response
    • Illumination
    • Lighting
    • Dynamic Range
    • Image Sensor
    • Camera Sensor
    • Adjacent Pixels
    • High Dynamic Range
    • Digital Zoom
    • Automatic Exposure Control
    • Photodiode
    • Storage Capacity
    • Output Signal
    • Normal Operation
    • Photocurrent
    • Sensor Array
    • Current Reference
    • Hot Electrons
    • Hot Carriers
    • Charge Injection
    • Even And Odd
    • Drain Current
    • Temporal Noise
    • Higher-order Corrections
    • Output Pixel
    • CMOS Process
    • Differential Amplifier
    • Rectifier Voltage
    • Voltage Correction
    • Xenon Arc Lamp
    • Single Transistor
    • Light Intensity
    • Pixel Pitch
• authors:
  • Author Name: M. Loose
    Affiliation: Rockwell Science Center, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37424998400
    ID: 37424998400
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Rockwell Science Center, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA
  • Author Name: K. Meier
    Affiliation: Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37272421700
    ID: 37272421700
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
  • Author Name: J. Schemmel
    Affiliation: Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37282150400
    ID: 37282150400
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 384x288
• dynamic_range: 6 decades
• pixel_size: 24 µm
• dark_current: not specified in the text (needs to be evaluated)

Optical Data

• focal_length: not specified in the text
• aperture: not specified in the text
• field_of_view: not specified in the text
• distortion: not specified in the text

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 50 Hz
• signal_to_noise_ratio: not specified in the text
• sensitivity: not specified in the text
• shutter_speed: not specified in the text
• power_consumption: not specified in the text
• noise: 2.7% slope variations

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: suitable for applications in image processing, tactile vision substitution system for the blind
• benefits: high dynamic range allows operation under various lighting conditions, reduced fixed pattern noise through self-calibration

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst, Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart, Germany

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: April 2001

Relevancy Score

• score: 10
• missing_fields:
  • quantum efficiency
  • fill factor
  • readout speed
  • noise sources
  • analog-to-digital conversion techniques
  • microlenses
  • on-chip color filters
  • global or rolling shutters
  • backside illumination

Processed JSON Filename

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