A Novel Imaging Method For Twotap Pulsedbased Indirect Timeofflight Sensor

• doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2023.3242367
• title: A Novel Imaging Method for Two-Tap Pulsed-Based Indirect Time-of-Flight Sensor
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn:
• issn: 2379-9153
• rank: 865
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Journals
• abstract: This article proposes an imaging method for two-tap pulsed-based indirect time-of-flight (I-ToF) sensor, which aims to reduce the distance error and motion artifact. Compared with the conventional imaging method, the proposed imaging method adopts emitted pulse light whose width is halved and height is doubled without changing the CMOS image sensor (CIS) system. Then, by using the distance-solving method that cooperates with this timing, it achieves depth imaging with the same range of distance measurement as the conventional method. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated by the pixel-array behavior-level model based on the actual I-ToF imaging system. The experimental results show that compared with the conventional method, the distance error and motion artifact are reduced by 29.2% and 67.4%, respectively, under 350-mW/sr light source radiation intensity, 10-klx background illumination, and 500- $\mu \text{s}$ integration time. When the above parameters are changed, the proposed method still achieves about 29.3% reduction in distance error and 67.4% reduction in motion artifact. The proposed method is compatible with other methods to further reduce the distance error and motion artifact.
• article_number: 10041832
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10041832
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10041832/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10041832/
• publication_title: IEEE Sensors Journal
• conference_location:
• conference_dates:
• publication_number: 7361
• is_number: 10089784
• publication_year: 2023
• publication_date: 1 April1, 2023
• start_page: 7017
• end_page: 7030
• citing_paper_count: 2
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 1196
• insert_date: 20230209
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Sensors
    • Motion artifacts
    • Timing
    • Distance measurement
    • Demodulation
    • Logic gates
    • Light sources
  • author_terms:
    • CMOS image sensor (CIS)
    • distance error
    • motion artifact
    • time of flight (ToF)
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Imaging Methods
    • Imaging Method
    • Time-of-flight Sensors
    • Time Of Flight Camera
    • Time-of-flight Camera
    • Light Source
    • Light-emitting Diodes
    • LED Light
    • Light Emission
    • LEDs
    • Integration Time
    • Motion Artifacts
    • Motion Artefacts
    • Light Pulses
    • Radiation Intensity
    • Irradiation Intensity
    • Depth Images
    • Conventional Imaging Methods
    • Conventional Imaging Method
    • Root Mean Square Error
    • Root-mean-square Deviation
    • Root-mean-square Error
    • RMSD
    • RMSE
    • Constant Value
    • Point Cloud
    • Point Clouds
    • Optical Power
    • Lens Power
    • Refractive Power
    • Depth Map
    • Function Of Depth
    • Shot Noise
    • Poisson Noise
    • Shot-noise
    • Dark Current
    • Map Points
    • Background Light
    • Distance Information
    • Single-photon Avalanche Diode
    • Single Photon Avalanche Diode
    • Pixel Array
    • Scene Point
    • Point Cloud Data
    • PIN Photodiode
    • Round-trip Time
    • Instantaneous Power
• authors:
  • Author Name: Zhe Zhao
    Affiliation: School of Microelectronics and the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37089790616
    ID: 37089790616
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • School of Microelectronics and the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
  • Author Name: Jiangtao Xu
    Affiliation: School of Microelectronics and the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37577831800
    ID: 37577831800
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • School of Microelectronics and the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
  • Author Name: Shijie Guo
    Affiliation: School of Microelectronics and the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37089789918
    ID: 37089789918
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • School of Microelectronics and the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
  • Author Name: Kaiming Nie
    Affiliation: School of Microelectronics and the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37085670429
    ID: 37085670429
    Order: 4
    Author Affiliations:
    • School of Microelectronics and the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 320x240
• dynamic_range: not specified
• pixel_size: 5.6 µm
• dark_current: not specified

Optical Data

• focal_length: not specified
• aperture: not specified
• field_of_view: not specified
• distortion: not specified

Performance Metrics

• power_consumption: 350 mW/sr light source radiation intensity, 10 klx background illumination, 500 µs integration time

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: The sensor can be utilized in various fields including consumer electronics, automotive electronics, and gesture recognition.
• benefits: The proposed imaging method reduces distance error and motion artifact effectively.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2019YFB2204302

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: 1 April1, 2023

Relevancy Score

• score: 9
• missing_fields:
  • dynamic_range
  • dark_current
  • focal_length
  • aperture
  • field_of_view
  • distortion
  • frame_rate
  • signal_to_noise_ratio
  • sensitivity
  • shutter_speed
  • noise

Processed JSON Filename

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