A Lownoise Highframerate 1D Decoding Readout Architecture For Stacked Image Sensors

• doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2014.2307792
• title: A Low-Noise High-Frame-Rate 1-D Decoding Readout Architecture for Stacked Image Sensors
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn:
• issn: 2379-9153
• rank: 794
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Journals
• abstract: The continuously increasing array resolution of CMOS imagers poses a great challenge in combining high-frame-rate and low light detection in the same sensor. To cope with this, parallel readout architectures are needed. This paper proposes a readout architecture for 8 K stacked image sensors, which uses a novel 1D decoding readout based on block-of-pixels and incremental-sigma–delta ADCs. The proposed 1D decoding system reduces the control lines of the pixels and allows a simpler decoding, an increased parallelism, and an improved robustness over process yield. The experimental results from a test chip implemented in a standard CIS technology show that at 10 $\mu{\rm m}$ pixel pitch, the proposed readout architecture can achieve a high-frame-rate of 730 frames/s and a low read noise of 1.4 $e^{-}$ . In a real stacked implementation, the frame rate can further increase to about 960 frames/s at 8 K resolution, at the cost of a slight increase in thermal noise by 14 $\mu{\rm V}$ .
• article_number: 6747320
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6747320
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6747320/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6747320/
• publication_title: IEEE Sensors Journal
• conference_location:
• conference_dates:
• publication_number: 7361
• is_number: 6787022
• publication_year: 2014
• publication_date: June 2014
• start_page: 1966
• end_page: 1973
• citing_paper_count: 4
• citing_patent_count: 4
• download_count: 735
• insert_date: 20140224
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Noise
    • Sensors
    • Decoding
    • Clocks
    • Thermal noise
    • Image resolution
    • Parallel processing
  • author_terms:
    • Image sensor
    • UHDTV
    • dynamic range
    • low noise
    • high frame rate
    • 3-D integration
    • stacked
    • high resolution
    • ADC
    • incremental $\Sigma\Delta$
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Image Sensor
    • Camera Sensor
    • Readout Architecture
    • Frame Rate
    • Low Noise
    • Control Lines
    • Thermal Noise
    • Current Noise
    • Real Implementation
    • Pixel Pitch
    • Test Chip
    • Settling Time
    • Colonial Times
    • Noise Floor
    • Digital Filter
    • Parasitic Capacitance
    • Clock Rate
    • Clock Speed
    • Processor Speed
    • Top-tier
    • High Frame Rate
    • Inductive Load
    • Load Capacitance
    • Sensor Resolution
    • Clock Cycles
    • Noise Performance
    • Pixel Block
    • Documentary Video
    • Television Documentaries
    • Lower Frame
    • Low Frame Rate
    • PIN Photodiode
    • Group Of Pixels
• authors:
  • Author Name: Adi Xhakoni
    Affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universitet Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/38015293100
    ID: 38015293100
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electrical Engineering, ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universitet Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
  • Author Name: Ha Le-Thai
    Affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universitet Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/38274255800
    ID: 38274255800
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electrical Engineering, ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universitet Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
  • Author Name: Georges G. E. Gielen
    Affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universitet Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37275184800
    ID: 37275184800
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electrical Engineering, ESAT-MICAS, Katholieke Universitet Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 7680x4320
• dynamic_range: Not specified
• pixel_size: 10 μm
• dark_current: Not specified

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not specified
• aperture: Not specified
• field_of_view: Not specified
• distortion: Not specified

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 730 fps (up to 960 fps in real stacked implementation)
• power_consumption: 200 μW per ADC
• noise: 1.4 e−

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Not specified
• benefits: Improved image quality in low-light conditions with high frame rate and low noise.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: IWT SBO Project 3SIS

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: June 2014

Relevancy Score

• score: 8
• missing_fields:
  • fill factor
  • quantum efficiency
  • readout speed
  • noise sources
  • analog-to-digital conversion techniques
  • microlenses
  • on-chip colour filters
  • global or rolling shutters
  • backside illumination

Processed JSON Filename

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