A Low Power Low Noise Ultrawide Dynamic Range Cmos Imager With Pixelparallel Ad Conversion

• doi: 10.1109/VLSIC.2000.852841
• title: A low power, low noise, ultra-wide dynamic range CMOS imager with pixel-parallel A/D conversion
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn: 0-7803-6309-4
• issn:
• partnum: 00CH37103
• rank: 1141
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Conferences
• abstract: A CMOS image sensor with pixel-parallel A/D conversion fabricated with different array sizes and photodiode types in a 3-metal 0.5 /spl mu/m process is presented. Nominal power dissipation is 40 nW per pixel at V/sub DD/=3.3 V. A/D conversion results from sampling a free-running photocurrent-controlled oscillator to give a first-order /spl Sigma/-/spl Delta/ sequence. The sensor displays dynamic range capability of greater than 150000:1 and exhibits fixed pattern noise correctable to within 0.1% of signal.
• article_number: 852841
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=852841
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/852841/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/852841/
• publication_title: 2000 Symposium on VLSI Circuits. Digest of Technical Papers (Cat. No.00CH37103)
• conference_location: Honolulu, HI, USA
• conference_dates: 15-17 June 2000
• publication_number: 6880
• is_number: 18527
• publication_year: 2000
• publication_date: 15-17 June 2000
• start_page: 24
• end_page: 27
• citing_paper_count: 0
• citing_patent_count: 2
• download_count: 192
• insert_date: 20020806
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Dynamic range
    • CMOS image sensors
    • Image converters
    • Sensor arrays
    • Pixel
    • Photodiodes
    • Power dissipation
    • Image sampling
    • Signal sampling
    • Oscillators
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Dynamic Range
    • Low Noise
    • Photocurrent
    • Photodiode Array
    • Bistable
    • Set Of Frequencies
    • Bias Current
    • Binary Output
    • Output Bits
    • Temporal Noise
    • Output Stream
• isbn_formats:
  • format: Print ISBN, value: 0-7803-6309-4, isbnType: Historical
• authors:
  • Author Name: L.G. Mellrath
    Affiliation: MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37088303295
    ID: 37088303295
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 48x48 and 64x64
• dynamic_range: greater than 150000:1
• pixel_size: 30μm x 30μm
• dark_current: not specified, but nominal pixel bias current is -12nA (40nW power dissipation per pixel)

Optical Data

• focal_length: not specified
• aperture: not specified
• field_of_view: not specified
• distortion: not specified

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: not specified, but can operate with various sampling rates from 305Hz to 156KHz
• signal_to_noise_ratio: 0.35% to 0.45% of signal
• power_consumption: 40nW per pixel at VDD = 3.3V
• noise: 0.35% to 0.45% of signal

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: High-quality imaging in various applications including smartphones, medical devices, and automotive systems.
• benefits: Very low power consumption, variable bit resolution, and dynamic range up to 150000:1.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, National Science Foundation

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: 15-17 June 2000

Relevancy Score

• score: 10

Processed JSON Filename

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