A Cmos Energy Harvesting And Imaging Ehi Active Pixel Sensor Aps Imager For Retinal Prosthesis

• doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2011.2170069
• title: A CMOS Energy Harvesting and Imaging (EHI) Active Pixel Sensor (APS) Imager for Retinal Prosthesis
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn:
• issn: 1940-9990
• rank: 536
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Journals
• abstract: A CMOS image sensor capable of imaging and energy harvesting on same focal plane is presented for retinal prosthesis. The energy harvesting and imaging (EHI) active pixel sensor (APS) imager was designed, fabricated, and tested in a standard 0.5 μm CMOS process. It has 54 × 50 array of 21 × 21 μm2 EHI pixels, 10-bit supply boosted (SB) SAR ADC, and charge pump circuits consuming only 14.25 μW from 1.2 V and running at 7.4 frames per second. The supply boosting technique (SBT) is used in an analog signal chain of the EHI imager. Harvested solar energy on focal plane is stored on an off-chip capacitor with the help of a charge pump circuit with better than 70% efficiency. Energy harvesting efficiency of the EHI pixel was measured at different light levels. It was 9.4% while producing 0.41 V open circuit voltage. The EHI imager delivers 3.35 μW of power was delivered to a resistive load at maximum power point operation. The measured pixel array figure of merit (FoM) was 1.32 pW/frame/pixel while imager figure of merit (iFoM) including whole chip power consumption was 696 fJ/pixel/code for the EHI imager.
• article_number: 6068257
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6068257
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6068257/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6068257/
• publication_title: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
• conference_location:
• conference_dates:
• publication_number: 4156126
• is_number: 6111547
• publication_year: 2011
• publication_date: Dec. 2011
• start_page: 535
• end_page: 545
• citing_paper_count: 38
• citing_patent_count: 4
• download_count: 1973
• insert_date: 20111102
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Energy harvesting
    • Active pixel sensors
    • CMOS image sensors
    • Photovoltaic cells
    • Implants
    • Visual prosthesis
  • author_terms:
    • Active pixel sensor
    • CMOS Image sensor
    • energy harvesting
    • energy harvesting and imaging (EHI) pixel
    • photovoltaic cell
    • retinal implant
    • supply boosting
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Energy Harvesting
    • Active Sensors
    • Sensor Pixel
    • Retinal Prosthesis
    • Visual Prostheses
    • Artificial Retina
    • Active Pixel Sensor
    • Power Consumption
    • Focal Plane
    • Back Focal Plane
    • Figure Of Merit
    • Image Sensor
    • Camera Sensor
    • Open-circuit Voltage
    • Maximum Power Point
    • Pixel Array
    • Charge Pump
    • Imaging Modalities
    • Photodiode
    • Control Signal
    • Linear Range
    • Sample Holder
    • Analog-to-digital Converter
    • Analog-to-digital
    • Digital-to-analog Converter
    • Microelectrode Arrays
    • Multi-electrode Array
    • Supply Voltage
    • Analog Output
    • Total Power Consumption
    • Low-power Operation
    • Current Reference
    • Digital Output
    • Charge Amplifier
    • Clock Period
• authors:
  • Author Name: Suat U. Ay
    Affiliation: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37326790500
    ID: 37326790500
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 54x50 array of 21x21 µm EHI pixels
• dynamic_range: 58.7 dB
• pixel_size: 21 µm
• dark_current: Not explicitly mentioned

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not explicitly mentioned
• aperture: Not explicitly mentioned
• field_of_view: Not explicitly mentioned
• distortion: Not explicitly mentioned

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 7.4 fps
• signal_to_noise_ratio: 58.7 dB
• sensitivity: Not explicitly mentioned
• shutter_speed: Not explicitly mentioned
• power_consumption: 14.25 µW from 1.2 V
• noise: 0.81 mV or 460 electrons

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Not explicitly mentioned
• benefits: Allows for energy harvesting and imaging on the same focal plane in a compact device suitable for retinal prosthesis.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: Micron Technology Foundation

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: Dec. 2011

Relevancy Score

• score: 10
• missing_fields:
  • focal_length
  • aperture
  • field_of_view
  • distortion
  • sensitivity
  • shutter_speed
  • cell_imaging

Processed JSON Filename

request_04b187ac-359b-442f-832b-22e3b54eaa6f-a_cmos_energy_harvesting_and_imaging_ehi_active_pixel_sensor_aps_imager_for_retinal_prosthesis.json