A 640 Times 640 Fully Dynamic Cmos Image Sensor For Alwayson Operation

• doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2019.2959486
• title: A 640 $\times$ 640 Fully Dynamic CMOS Image Sensor for Always-On Operation
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn:
• issn: 1558-173X
• rank: 488
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Journals
• abstract: This article presents a 640 × 640 fully dynamic CMOS image sensor for the always-on operation. It consists of a dynamic pixel source follower (SF), whose output signal is sampled into a parasitic column capacitor and then read out by a dynamic single-slope (SS) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) based on a dynamic bias comparator and an energy-efficient two-step counter. The prototype sensor was implemented in a 110-nm CMOS process, achieving 0.3% peak non-linearity, 6.1 e-rms random noise (RN), and 67-dB dynamic range. The power consumption is only 2.1 mW at 44 frames per second (fps) and is further reduced to 140 μW at 5 fps with the subsampled 320 × 320 mode. This sensor achieves a state-of-the-art energy efficiency figure-of-merit of 0.71 e-·nJ.
• article_number: 8944068
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8944068
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8944068/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8944068/
• publication_title: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
• conference_location:
• conference_dates:
• publication_number: 4
• is_number: 9048008
• publication_year: 2020
• publication_date: April 2020
• start_page: 898
• end_page: 907
• citing_paper_count: 40
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 4508
• insert_date: 20191227
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Capacitors
    • Analog-digital conversion
    • CMOS image sensors
    • Image resolution
    • Power demand
    • Energy resolution
  • author_terms:
    • Always-on
    • CMOS image sensor
    • dynamic bias comparator
    • fully dynamic CMOS image sensor
    • dynamic single-slope (SS) analog-to-digital converter (ADC)
    • dynamic source follower (SF)
    • two-step counter
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Image Sensor
    • Camera Sensor
    • Dynamic Imaging
    • Dynamic Sensor
    • Dynamic Range
    • Energy Efficiency
    • Power Consumption
    • Analog-to-digital Converter
    • Analog-to-digital
    • Digital-to-analog Converter
    • Figure Of Merit
    • Figure-of-merit
    • Parasitic Capacitance
    • CMOS Process
    • Sensor Prototype
    • Light Intensity
    • Internet Of Things
    • Internet-of-Things
    • Signal Propagation
    • Signal Generator
    • Object Detection
    • Translational Level
    • Level Shift
    • Frame Rate
    • Short-circuit Current
    • Supply Voltage
    • Capacity Of Samples
    • Gain Variation
    • PIN Photodiode
    • Output Pixel
    • Tail Current
    • Inductive Load
    • Load Capacitance
    • Pixel Array
    • Single Transition
    • Lower Operating
• authors:
  • Author Name: Injun Park
    Affiliation: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37086701137
    ID: 37086701137
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
  • Author Name: Woojin Jo
    Affiliation: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37085878261
    ID: 37085878261
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
  • Author Name: Chanmin Park
    Affiliation: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37086702700
    ID: 37086702700
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
  • Author Name: Byungchoul Park
    Affiliation: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37086859464
    ID: 37086859464
    Order: 4
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
  • Author Name: Jimin Cheon
    Affiliation: School of Electronic Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37579920800
    ID: 37579920800
    Order: 5
    Author Affiliations:
    • School of Electronic Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
  • Author Name: Youngcheol Chae
    Affiliation: Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37274797400
    ID: 37274797400
    Order: 6
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 640x640
• dynamic_range: 67 dB
• pixel_size: 4 µm
• dark_current: 6.1 e-rms

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not available
• aperture: Not available
• field_of_view: Not available
• distortion: Not available

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 44 fps
• signal_to_noise_ratio: Not available
• sensitivity: Not available
• shutter_speed: Not available
• power_consumption: 2.1 mW
• noise: 6.1 e-rms

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: The sensor is suitable for applications requiring low power consumption and high energy efficiency, such as smartphones and IoT devices.
• benefits: Achieves low power consumption while maintaining low noise and high dynamic range, offering scalability in terms of pixel resolution, ADC resolution, and frame rate.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: Intromedic Company, Ltd.

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: April 2020

Relevancy Score

• score: 10

Processed JSON Filename

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