A 4T Lowpower Linearoutput Currentmediated Cmos Image Sensor

• doi: 10.1109/TVLSI.2010.2053054
• title: A 4T Low-Power Linear-Output Current-Mediated CMOS Image Sensor
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn:
• issn: 1557-9999
• rank: 456
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Journals
• abstract: In this paper, we present a 4T low-power linear output current-mediated CMOS APS imager, in which reset and read-out operations are carried-out simultaneously on two pixels of the same row. The proposed operating technique greatly simplifies the pixel architecture with only four transistors and two control signals required, while six transistors and four control lines are required by its current-mediated counterpart. The imager achieves fixed pattern noise (FPN) correction during pixel-readout and exhibits a power consumption which is independent of the imager array size, since only a single current source is solicited at any given time due to the array-level operating technique. A linearization circuit technique using the transistor's channel length modulation effect is employed enabling to double the linear range of the pixel's photon-to-output signal transfer function. Performance analysis and experimental results are presented for a 32 × 32 image sensor array prototype, fabricated using AMS 0.35-μm process. The pixel size is 6.5 × 6.5 μm2 with 22% fill-factor. The chip total power consumption is less than 1 mW, at 50 frames/s with a 3.3 V power supply.
• article_number: 5518348
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5518348
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5518348/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5518348/
• publication_title: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
• conference_location:
• conference_dates:
• publication_number: 92
• is_number: 5961802
• publication_year: 2011
• publication_date: Sept. 2011
• start_page: 1559
• end_page: 1568
• citing_paper_count: 3
• citing_patent_count: 1
• download_count: 1387
• insert_date: 20100723
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • CMOS image sensors
    • Pixel
    • Energy consumption
    • Sensor arrays
    • Circuit noise
    • Optical modulation
    • Optoelectronic and photonic sensors
    • Transfer functions
    • Performance analysis
    • Image sensors
  • author_terms:
    • Active pixel sensor
    • current-mediated pixel
    • linearization technique
    • low-power image sensor
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Image Sensor
    • Camera Sensor
    • Pixel Size
    • Power Consumption
    • Control Signal
    • Linear Range
    • Current Source
    • Current Regulations
    • Operative Technique
    • Surgery Techniques
    • Channel Length
    • Sensor Array
    • Integration Time
    • Random Noise
    • Channel Noise
    • Voltage Drop
    • Potential Drop
    • IR Drop
    • Output Current
    • Thermal Noise
    • Current Noise
    • Current Reference
    • Linear Techniques
    • Shot Noise
    • Poisson Noise
    • Parasitic Capacitance
    • Bias Current
    • Readout Noise
    • Readout Circuit
    • Linear Scheme
    • Reset Voltage
    • Illumination Levels
    • CMOS Process
    • Flicker Noise
    • Noise Performance
    • Pixel Array
    • Frame Rate
• authors:
  • Author Name: Fang Tang
    Affiliation: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37393880400
    ID: 37393880400
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
  • Author Name: Amine Bermak
    Affiliation: Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37275353200
    ID: 37275353200
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 32x32
• dynamic_range: 50 dB
• pixel_size: 6.5x6.5
• dark_current: Not specified

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not specified
• aperture: Not specified
• field_of_view: Not specified
• distortion: Not specified

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 50 fps
• power_consumption: < 1 mW
• noise: Fixed Pattern Noise (FPN) - 1% (dark), Random Noise - 1.2% (dark)

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Not specified
• benefits: Low power consumption, improved fill-factor, enhanced linearity, and low fixed-pattern noise.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: Research Grant Council of Hong Kong Ref: 610507

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: Sept. 2011

Relevancy Score

• score: 10

Processed JSON Filename

request_ca895528-0e60-455d-b1ce-1e2a0859bd21-a_4t_lowpower_linearoutput_currentmediated_cmos_image_sensor.json