A 256 Pixel Magnetoresistive Biosensor Microarray In 018 M Cmos

• doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2013.2245058
• title: A 256 Pixel Magnetoresistive Biosensor Microarray in 0.18 µm CMOS
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn:
• issn: 1558-173X
• rank: 374
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Journals
• abstract: Magnetic nanotechnologies have shown significant potential in several areas of nanomedicine such as imaging, therapeutics, and early disease detection. Giant magnetoresistive spin-valve (GMR SV) sensors coupled with magnetic nanotags (MNTs) possess great promise as ultra-sensitive biosensors for diagnostics. We report an integrated sensor interface for an array of 256 GMR SV biosensors designed in 0.18 µm CMOS. Arranged like an imager, each of the 16 column level readout channels contains an analog front-end and a compact ΣΔ modulator (0.054 mm$^{2}$ ) with 84 dB of dynamic range and an input referred noise of 49 nT/$\surd$Hz. Performance is demonstrated through detection of an ovarian cancer biomarker, secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor (SLPI), spiked at concentrations as low as 10 fM. This system is designed as a replacement for optical protein microarrays while also providing real-time kinetics monitoring.
• article_number: 6506131
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6506131
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6506131/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6506131/
• publication_title: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
• conference_location:
• conference_dates:
• publication_number: 4
• is_number: 6506121
• publication_year: 2013
• publication_date: May 2013
• start_page: 1290
• end_page: 1301
• citing_paper_count: 94
• citing_patent_count: 1
• download_count: 2693
• insert_date: 20130419
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Magnetic sensors
    • Biosensors
    • Immune system
    • Noise
    • Proteins
    • Sensor arrays
  • author_terms:
    • Biochip
    • biosensor
    • GMR spin-valve
    • magnetic biosensor
    • proteomics
    • sigma delta modulator
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Μm CMOS
    • Ovarian Cancer
    • Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
    • Dynamic Range
    • Protein Array
    • Protein Microarray
    • Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor
    • SLPI
    • Impedance
    • Resistivity
    • Magnetic Field
    • External Field
    • Molecular Testing
    • Large Array
    • Electrical Measurements
    • Deoxyribonucleic Acid
    • Deoxyribonucleic
    • Modulation Scheme
    • Modulation Strategy
    • Sensor Array
    • Sensor Surface
    • Sensor Noise
    • Temperature Correction
    • Stray Field
    • Common-mode Voltage
    • Reference Layer
    • Transimpedance Amplifier
    • Free Layer
    • Magnetic Immunoassay
    • Readout Time
    • Time-division Multiplexing
    • Capture Antibody
    • Carrier Frequency
    • Carrier Wave
    • Carrier Signal
    • Excitation Voltage
• authors:
  • Author Name: Drew A. Hall
    Affiliation: Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37537629200
    ID: 37537629200
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
  • Author Name: Richard S. Gaster
    Affiliation: Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37543180900
    ID: 37543180900
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
  • Author Name: Kofi A. A. Makinwa
    Affiliation: Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37294792500
    ID: 37294792500
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
  • Author Name: Shan X. Wang
    Affiliation: Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37280446300
    ID: 37280446300
    Order: 4
    Author Affiliations:
    • Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
  • Author Name: Boris Murmann
    Affiliation: Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37300093100
    ID: 37300093100
    Order: 5
    Author Affiliations:
    • Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: Giant magnetoresistive spin-valve (GMR SV) biosensor
• resolution: 256 pixels (16 columns x 16 rows)
• dynamic_range: 84 dB
• pixel_size: 300 µm (sensor pitch)
• dark_current: Not specified in the text.

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not specified in the text.
• aperture: Not specified in the text.
• field_of_view: Not specified in the text.
• distortion: Not specified in the text.

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: Not specified in the text.
• signal_to_noise_ratio: 49 nT/ √Hz (input referred noise)
• sensitivity: Detection limit of 10 fM
• shutter_speed: Not specified in the text.
• power_consumption: Not specified in the text.
• noise: High noise of GMR SV sensors with flicker noise corner frequency greater than 10 kHz.

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: GMR biosensor arrays used for cancer biomarker detection.
• benefits: High sensitivity for early detection of biomarkers, potential for real-time kinetics monitoring.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: National Semiconductor Corporation, NCI, NSF, Gates Grand Challenge Exploration Award, Achievement Rewards for College Scientists.

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: May 2013

Relevancy Score

• score: 7
• missing_fields:
  • focal_length
  • aperture
  • field_of_view
  • distortion
  • frame_rate
  • shutter_speed
  • power_consumption

Processed JSON Filename

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