A 216 216 Globalshutter Cmos Image Sensor With Embedded Analog Memory And Automatic Exposure Control For Underdisplay Optical Fingerprint Sensing Applications

• doi: 10.1109/TCSI.2022.3229035
• title: A 216 × 216 Global-Shutter CMOS Image Sensor With Embedded Analog Memory and Automatic Exposure Control for Under-Display Optical Fingerprint Sensing Applications
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn:
• issn: 1558-0806
• rank: 360
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Journals
• abstract: A $216\times216$ under-display optical fingerprint CMOS image sensor (CIS) is proposed and was prototyped using 0.11- $\mu \text{m}$ CIS technology. Two analog storage nodes that act as a ping-pong buffer are embedded in each pixel of the global-shutter CIS, rendering a digital buffer unnecessary and increasing the operating frame rate. A processor with automatic exposure (AE) and black-level correction is embedded in the CIS to shorten the data transmission time. The AE and dynamic range enhancement functions are initiated to increase the success rate of fingerprint recognition. The full well capacity and sensitivity of the global-shutter CIS are 9 ke− and 21 V/(lux $\cdot $ s), respectively. A prototype of the fingerprint sensor consumed only 26 mW with a 3.3-V supply voltage. An imaging lens and the CIS were combined to form the prototype of a compact camera module (CCM). Each pixel size is $6.8\times 6.8\,\,\mu \text{m}^{2}$ , equivalent to a panel resolution of 747 dots per inch with an optical ratio of 5. The sensor chip size is $2.23\times2.39$ mm2, and the sensing area is $1.469\times1.469$ mm2, occupying 40.5% of the chip. The prototype CCM was successfully embedded in a mobile phone, and the performance of the CIS was validated in the temperature range of −20°C to 50°C. Even when the interrupt interval for the serial peripheral interface communication was 300 ms, the CIS as a slave device could capture the fingerprint images clearly.
• article_number: 9996135
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=9996135
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9996135/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9996135/
• publication_title: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers
• conference_location:
• conference_dates:
• publication_number: 8919
• is_number: 10052778
• publication_year: 2023
• publication_date: March 2023
• start_page: 1189
• end_page: 1201
• citing_paper_count: 0
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 838
• insert_date: 20221221
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Analog-digital conversion
    • Organic light emitting diodes
    • Capacitors
    • Lenses
    • Generators
    • CMOS image sensors
    • Prototypes
  • author_terms:
    • CMOS image sensor
    • fingerprint CMOS image sensor
    • global-shutter
    • compact camera module
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Image Sensor
    • Camera Sensor
    • Automatic Exposure
    • Automatic Exposure Control
    • Analog Memory
    • Optical Fingerprint
    • Prototype
    • Optical Tomography
    • Optical Imaging
    • Mobile Phone
    • Dynamic Range
    • Frame Rate
    • Transmission Time
    • Recognition Rate
    • Chip Size
    • Imaging Lens
    • Imaging Lenses
    • Storage Nodes
    • Camera Module
    • Data Transmission Time
    • Serial Peripheral Interface
    • Exposure Time
    • Organic Light-emitting Diodes
    • OLED
    • Organic Light Emitting Diodes
    • Microlens Array
    • Micro Lens Arrays
    • Differential Pair
    • High-contrast Images
    • Capacitive Coupling
    • AC-coupled
    • Electrostatic Coupling
    • High Frame Rate
    • High Dynamic Range
    • High-dynamic-range
    • Imaging Data
    • Digital Signal Processing
    • Display Panel
• authors:
  • Author Name: Ping-Hung Yin
    Affiliation: Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37088381728
    ID: 37088381728
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
    • Tyrafos Technology Company Ltd., Hsinchu, Taiwan
  • Author Name: Chih-Wen Lu
    Affiliation: Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37280496600
    ID: 37280496600
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
    • Institute of Photonic System, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Tainan, Taiwan
  • Author Name: Jia-Shyang Wang
    Affiliation: Tyrafos Technology Company Ltd., Hsinchu, Taiwan
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37088384444
    ID: 37088384444
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Tyrafos Technology Company Ltd., Hsinchu, Taiwan
  • Author Name: Yuan-Chang Chien
    Affiliation: Tyrafos Technology Company Ltd., Hsinchu, Taiwan
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37089740800
    ID: 37089740800
    Order: 4
    Author Affiliations:
    • Tyrafos Technology Company Ltd., Hsinchu, Taiwan
  • Author Name: Cheng-Te Chou
    Affiliation: Tyrafos Technology Company Ltd., Hsinchu, Taiwan
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37089740976
    ID: 37089740976
    Order: 5
    Author Affiliations:
    • Tyrafos Technology Company Ltd., Hsinchu, Taiwan
  • Author Name: Guo-Dung John Su
    Affiliation: Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics (GIPO), National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37286812100
    ID: 37286812100
    Order: 6
    Author Affiliations:
    • Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics (GIPO), National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
  • Author Name: Poki Chen
    Affiliation: Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37280841000
    ID: 37280841000
    Order: 7
    Author Affiliations:
    • Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS Image Sensor (CIS)
• resolution: 216×216
• dynamic_range: Not explicitly stated in the text, typical methods for high dynamic range (HDR) are mentioned
• pixel_size: 6.8 × 6.8 µm²
• dark_current: Not specified in the text, but typically low in CMOS sensors

Optical Data

• focal_length: Not specified in the text
• aperture: Not specified in the text
• field_of_view: Not specified in the text
• distortion: Not specified in the text

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 51 fps
• signal_to_noise_ratio: Not explicitly mentioned, but methods to suppress noise (like DDS) are included
• sensitivity: 21 V/(lux·s)
• shutter_speed: Not specified in the text
• power_consumption: 26 mW
• noise: Details include fixed-pattern noise and implies methods to reduce it.

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Under-display fingerprint sensing applications by smartphones.
• benefits: High operational frame rate, short transmission time, compact size, ability to function in various light conditions including high ambient light scenarios.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: Tyrafos Technology Company Ltd., National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: March 2023

Relevancy Score

• score: 9
• missing_fields:
  • fill factor
  • quantum efficiency

Processed JSON Filename

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