115 A 512Pixel 3Khzframerate Dualshank Lensless Filterless Singlephotonavalanchediode Cmos Neural Imaging Probe

• doi: 10.1109/ISSCC.2019.8662408
• title: 11.5 A 512-Pixel 3kHz-Frame-Rate Dual-Shank Lensless Filterless Single-Photon-Avalanche-Diode CMOS Neural Imaging Probe
• publisher: IEEE
• isbn: 978-1-5386-8532-7
• issn: 0193-6530
• rank: 20
• access_type: LOCKED
• content_type: Conferences
• abstract: Optical functional neural imaging has revolutionized neuroscience with optical reporters that enable single-cell-resolved monitoring of neuronal activity in vivo. State-of-the-art microscopy methods, however, are fundamentally limited in imaging depth by absorption and scattering in tissue even with the use of the most sophisticated two-photon microscopy techniques [1]. To overcome this imaging depth problem, we develop a lens-less, optical-filter-less, shank-based image sensor array that can be inserted into the brain, allowing cellular-resolution recording at arbitrary depths with excitation provided by an external laser light source (Fig. 11.5.1). Lens-less imaging is achieved generally by giving each pixel a spatial sensitivity function, which can be introduced by near-field or far-field, phase or amplitude masking. Since probe thickness must be less than $70 \mu \mathrm {m}$ to limit tissue damage and far-field masks are characterized by distances on the order of $200 \mu \mathrm {m}$ between the mask and the detector [2], we employ a near-field amplitude mask formed by Talbot gratings in the back-end metal of the CMOS process, which gives each pixel a diffraction-grating-induced angle-sensitivity [3]. Filter-less fluorescence imaging is achieved with time-gated operation in which the excitation light source is pulsed and pixel-level time-gated circuitry collects photons only after the excitation source has been removed.
• article_number: 8662408
• pdf_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8662408
• html_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8662408/
• abstract_url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8662408/
• publication_title: 2019 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC)
• conference_location: San Francisco, CA, USA
• conference_dates: 17-21 Feb. 2019
• publication_number: 8656625
• is_number: 8662285
• publication_year: 2019
• publication_date: 17-21 Feb. 2019
• start_page: 198
• end_page: 200
• citing_paper_count: 6
• citing_patent_count: 0
• download_count: 1028
• insert_date: 20190307
• index_terms:
  • ieee_terms:
    • Photonics
    • Optical filters
    • Probes
    • Microscopy
    • Laser excitation
  • dynamic_index_terms:
    • Neural Image
    • Light Source
    • Functional Imaging
    • Image Reconstruction
    • Iterative Reconstruction
    • Tomographic Reconstruction
    • Weight Decay
    • L2 Regularization
    • Tikhonov Regularization
    • Excitation Source
    • Depth Images
    • Microscopy Methods
    • Microscopy Method
    • Experimental Resolution
    • Digital Circuits
    • Digital Circuitry
    • Excitation Light Source
    • Laser Repetition Rate
    • Blind Source Separation
    • Blind Signal Separation
    • Dark Count
    • External Light Source
    • Quadrature Phase
    • Detection Circuit
    • Time-to-digital Converter
    • Angular Response
• isbn_formats:
  • format: Print on Demand(PoD) ISBN, value: 978-1-5386-8532-7, isbnType: New-2005
  • format: Electronic ISBN, value: 978-1-5386-8531-0, isbnType: New-2005
• authors:
  • Author Name: Changhyuk Lee
    Affiliation: KIST, Seoul, Korea
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37085621223
    ID: 37085621223
    Order: 1
    Author Affiliations:
    • KIST, Seoul, Korea
  • Author Name: Adriaan J. Taal
    Affiliation: Columbia University, New York, NY
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37086702413
    ID: 37086702413
    Order: 2
    Author Affiliations:
    • Columbia University, New York, NY
  • Author Name: Jaebin Choi
    Affiliation: Columbia University, New York, NY
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37085543335
    ID: 37085543335
    Order: 3
    Author Affiliations:
    • Columbia University, New York, NY
  • Author Name: Kukjoo Kim
    Affiliation: Columbia University, New York, NY
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37086701740
    ID: 37086701740
    Order: 4
    Author Affiliations:
    • Columbia University, New York, NY
  • Author Name: Kevin Tien
    Affiliation: Columbia University, New York, NY
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37085682286
    ID: 37085682286
    Order: 5
    Author Affiliations:
    • Columbia University, New York, NY
  • Author Name: Laurent Moreaux
    Affiliation: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37086016778
    ID: 37086016778
    Order: 6
    Author Affiliations:
    • California Institute of Technology, Pasadena
  • Author Name: Michael L. Roukes
    Affiliation: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37315946900
    ID: 37315946900
    Order: 7
    Author Affiliations:
    • California Institute of Technology, Pasadena
  • Author Name: Kenneth L. Shepard
    Affiliation: Columbia University, New York, NY
    Author URL: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/author/37273513800
    ID: 37273513800
    Order: 8
    Author Affiliations:
    • Columbia University, New York, NY

Image Sensor

• sensor_type: CMOS
• resolution: 512 pixels (2 shanks of 256 pixels each)
• dynamic_range: not specified
• pixel_size: 25 µm
• dark_current: not explicitly stated, but performance metrics include DCR of 1.5% at 10 ns dead time

Optical Data

• focal_length: not applicable (lensless system)
• aperture: not specified
• field_of_view: 3.2 mm × 200 µm × 200 µm
• distortion: not specified

Performance Metrics

• frame_rate: 3 kHz
• signal_to_noise_ratio: 40 dB
• power_consumption: 97 µW under dark conditions, 68 mW at full output saturation lighting
• noise: not explicitly stated but refers to dark count and photon shot noise affecting resolution

Applications & Benefits

• cell_imaging: Cellular-resolution recording of neuronal activity in vivo, allowing monitoring at arbitrary depths with high temporal resolution.
• benefits: Provides high temporal and spatial resolution for neural imaging without the constraints of traditional microscopy techniques.

Supporting Organizations

• supported_by: National Institutes of Health, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), U.S. Army Research Laboratory, U.S. Army Research Office, TSMC Foundry

Manuscript Details

• publication_date: 17-21 Feb. 2019

Relevancy Score

• score: 10

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